Mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus: challenges and perspectives
Journal
Hepatology International
Journal Volume
11
Journal Issue
6
Pages
481-484
Date Issued
2017
Author(s)
Shih Y.-F.
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection due to perinatal mother-to-infant transmission (MTIT) remains a serious global health problem. Despite passive-active immunoprophylaxis using hepatitis B vaccination with or without hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIg), up to 8–10% of newborns still acquire HBV infection. Understanding the mechanisms of MTIT is essential for the interruption of HBV transmission. There are three possible routes of transmission: intrauterine transmission, transmission during delivery (intrapartum) and postnatal transmission through close contact or breast milk (postpartum). Overall, positivity for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and the high viral load of the mothers are the two most important risk factors related to MTIT of HBV. This article briefly reviews the viral factors related to MTIT of HBV and discusses the issues that warrant further investigation. ? 2017, Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver.
Subjects
Hepatitis B virus; Transmission; Viral factor
SDGs
Other Subjects
hepatitis B surface antigen; hepatitis B vaccine; hepatitis B(e) antigen; nucleoside analog; antivirus agent; Article; breast feeding; clinical practice; female; gene mutation; hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; human; infant; infection risk; mother to infant transmission; nonhuman; obstetric delivery; post exposure prophylaxis; priority journal; third trimester pregnancy; vaccination; virus load; virus replication; virus transmission; blood; chronic hepatitis B; genetics; genotype; Hepatitis B virus; newborn; practice guideline; pregnancy; pregnancy complication; transmission; vaccination; vertical transmission; virology; virus load; Antiviral Agents; Female; Genotype; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Pregnancy Trimester, Third; Vaccination; Viral Load
Publisher
Springer
Type
journal article