全球變遷-塔塔加高山生態系長期生態研究─森林土壤有機物分解、微生物生態、養分流動和土壤微生物基因體之研究(2/3)
Date Issued
2004-07-31
Date
2004-07-31
Author(s)
楊盛行
DOI
922621B002003
Abstract
To investigate the effect of attitude on microbial ecology of forest soils and the
role of microbes on the organic matter decomposition and nutritional flow, Tatachia
and Fu-Shan forests were chosen. Environment conditions of atmospheric and soil
temperatures, light intensity, soil properties of moisture content, pH, total organic
carbon, total nitrogen and C/N ratio and populations of total count, actinomycetes,
fungi, cellulolytic microbes, phosphate-solubilizing microbes and nitrogen-fixing
microbes were measured during the past year. In addition, microbial biomass carbon,
microbial biomass nitrogen and DNA content were also studied. In the case of Tatachia forest, Spruce soil had moisture content 50.38-63.30 %, pH 4.41-4.49, total
organic carbon 12.11-27.17 %, total nitrogen 0.59-1.32 %, C/N ratio 19.65-21.33 and
ash content 36.15-75.87 %; Hemlock soil had moisture content 33.74-70.99 %, pH
3.83-4.09, total organic carbon 12.86-35.93 %, total nitrogen 0.21-1.34 %, C/N ratio
12.98-46.93 and ash content 11.52-90.26 %; grassland soil had moisture content
36.21-46.17 %, pH 4.18-4.48, total organic carbon 7.05-15.31 %, total nitrogen
0.24-0.53 %, C/N ratio 29.19-38.98 and ash content 76.65-90.79 %. In microbial
ecology, each gram of dry Spruce soil contained total microbes 2.69×106-2.39×l07
CFU, actinomycetes 2.00×103-1.70×104 CFU, fungi 1.30×105-5.81×105 CFU,
cellulolytic microbes 3.04×104-1.86×105 CFU, phosphate-solubilizing microbes
9.64×104-4.46×105 CFU, nitrogen-fixing microbes 1.65×104-8.12×104 CFU, microbial
biomass carbon 783.52-1,182.73 µg-C, microbial biomass nitrogen 93.42-166.36 µg-N
and DNA 11.12-44.65 µg. Each gram of dry Hemlock soil had total microbes
3.35×105-1.74×l06 CFU, actinomycetes 5.35×102-2.36×104 CFU, fungi 1.68×103-
1.19×104 CFU, cellulolytic microbes 1.25×104-2.57×105 CFU, phosphate-solubilizing
microbes 8.83×104-3.33×105 CFU, nitrogen-fixing microbes 1.34×104-6.78×104 CFU,
microbial biomass carbon 557.27-933.54 µg-C, microbial biomass nitrogen 71.23-
145.85 μg-N and DNA 11.29-45.98 µg. Each gram of dry grassland soil comprised
total microbes 1.61×105-2.21×l06 CFU, actinomycetes 1.59×103-5.79×103 CFU, fungi
2.31×104-1.14×105 CFU, cellulolytic microbes 8.17×103-4.49×104 CFU, phosphatesolubilizing
microbes 1.37×105-3.34×105 CFU, nitrogen-fixing microbes 1.08×104-
7.13×104 CFU, microbial biomass carbon 425.93-886.35 µg-C, microbial biomass
nitrogen 63.82-133.28 µg-N and DNA 8.32-38.49 µg.
In the case of Fu-Shan forest, valley soil had moisture content 18.79-21.09 %, pH
5.23-5.43, total organic carbon 2.09-3.33 %, total nitrogen 0.21-0.27 % and C/N ratio
10.88-19.01; middle slope soil had moisture content 33.05-52.30 %, pH 4.24-4.43,
total organic carbon 5.08-11.43 %, total nitrogen 0.28-0.47 % and C/N ratio
11.25-22.58, ridge soil had moisture content 44.71-49.58 %, pH 4.06-4.34, total
organic carbon 10.13-11.13 %, total nitrogen 0.30-0.45 % and C/N ratio 23.99-26.29.
In the microbial populations, each gram of valley soil contained total microbes
1.59×107-1.68×l07 CFU, actinomycetes 2.10×103-1.40×104 CFU, fungi 1.42×105-
2.17×105 CFU, cellulolytic microbes 1.82×106-3.47×106 CFU, phosphate-solubilizing
microbes 3.20×104-1.04×105 CFU, nitrogen-fixing microbes 1.73×105-1.95×105 CFU,
microbial biomass carbon 196.84-375.28 µg-C, microbial biomass nitrogen 113.42-
189.04 µg-N and DNA 2.87-26.81µg. Each gram of middle slope soil had total
microbes 3.23×106-7.32×l07 CFU, actinomycetes 2.27×103-9.75×103 CFU, fungi
5.64×104-4.53×105 CFU, cellulolytic microbes 2.88×105-1.07×106 CFU, phosphatesolubilizing
microbes 4.07×104-1.86×105 CFU, nitrogen-fixing microbes 2.03×105-
6.22×105 CFU, microbial biomass carbon 117.93-427.58 µg-C, microbial biomass nitrogen 45.38-228.96 µg-N and DNA 3.21-31.46 µg. Each gram of ridge soil
comprised total microbes 3.15×106-6.82×l07 CFU, actinomycetes 6.68×102-3.63×103
CFU, fungi 4.00×104-2.13×105 CFU, cellulolytic microbes 1.68×106-2.43×106 CFU,
phosphate-solubilizing microbes 7.00×104-1.97×105 CFU, nitrogen-fixing microbes
5.45×105-1.29×106 CFU, microbial biomass carbon 243.14-526.37 µg-C, microbial
biomass nitrogen 60.84-264.80 µg-N and DNA 3.45-38.49 µg.
In the soil profiles of Tatachia grassland and Fu-Shan ridge soil, the pH was low
at the topsoil, while total organic carbon and total nitrogen were reversed and had high
values at the topsoil. In the case of microbial populations, the number decreased with
the increasing of soil depth. The populations at the bottom horizon decreased
88.23-91.65 %, 72.67-92.38 %, 69.36-96.56 %, 56.21-89.41 %, 75.63-83.84 % and
59.17-89.93 % as the top horizon in total microbes, actinomycetes, fungi, cellulolytic
microbes, phosphate-solubilizing microbes, and nitrogen-fixing microbes, respectively.
In the forest soil DNA extraction and purification, the modified Krsek’s methods by
extending Lysis time, adding AlK(SO4)2, PVPP as pre-washed treatment and PVP gel
exciding was used. In the DGGE profile of Fu-Shan forest soil, the three sampling
sites had similar soil microbial populations. The organic layer had the highest
microbial populations, topsoil was the next, and subsoil had the less. The valley soil
had the less microbial diversity and the microbial populations was the lowest.
Subjects
Forest soil
microbial ecology
soil profile
microbial biomass
DNA
content
content
soil DGGE profile
SDGs
Publisher
臺北市：國立臺灣大學生化科技學系
Type
report
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