Pharmacological treatment for Alzheimer's disease: Current approaches and future strategies
Journal
Acta Neurologica Taiwanica
Journal Volume
19
Journal Issue
4
Pages
228-245
Date Issued
2010
Author(s)
Fan L.-Y.
Abstract
More than a decade after the first approval of the use of acetylcholine esterase inhibitor on patients with Alzheimer's disease, we still not have a single treatment or combination therapy that can effectively stop or reverse the relentless progression of such neurodegenerative disease. Recently therapeutics targeting amyloid hypothesis have undergone scrutiny by many clinical trials. These include gamma secretase inhibitor for reducing beta amyloid formation, agents for preventing aggregation of amyloid oligomers, and immunotherapy for enhancing clearance of amyloid and plaque. Therapies targeting hyperphosphorylated tau is another promising mechanism to be tackled with. Other agents enforcing mitochondria functions, enhancing serotonin receptors, modulating advanced glycation end products, and neurotrophic factors, as well as other therapies are also emerging. We review current treatments and therapeutic strategies already undergone different stage of clinical trails in this report. We propose that therapeutics of various combination composed of symptomatic treatments and disease modifying therapies will become standard regimens of AD treatment with much better efficacy than current approaches.
Subjects
Amyloid hypothesis; Cholinesterase inhibitor; Combination therapy; Disease modifying therapy; Tau protein
SDGs
Other Subjects
6 (3 cyclobutyl 2,3,4,5 tetrahydro 1h 3 benzazepin 7 yloxy) n methylnicotinamide; alpha tocopherol; Alzheimer disease vaccine; atorvastatin; bapineuzumab; cerebrolysin; dimebon; docosahexaenoic acid; donepezil; galantamine; Ginkgo biloba extract; homotaurine; immunoglobulin; isosorbide dinitrate; leteprinim; memantine; methylene blue; omega 3 fatty acid; paliroden; pf 04447943; pf 04494700; placebo; raloxifene; rivastigmine; rosiglitazone; rrx 03140; semagacestat; serotonin 4 agonist; solanezumab; st 101; unclassified drug; unindexed drug; abdominal cramp; Alzheimer disease; amnesia; behavior change; cancer risk; cognition; daily life activity; dementia; dentate gyrus; diarrhea; drug approval; drug efficacy; excitotoxicity; food and drug administration; hippocampus; human; insulin metabolism; nausea; nerve cell plasticity; nonhuman; phase 2 clinical trial (topic); phase 3 clinical trial (topic); protein phosphorylation; randomized controlled trial (topic); review; vomiting; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans
Type
review