In vitro susceptibilities of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic gram-negative bacilli isolated from patients with intra-abdominal infections worldwide: 2005 results from study for monitoring antimicrobial resistance trends (SMART)
Journal
Surgical Infections
Journal Volume
10
Journal Issue
2
Pages
99-104
Date Issued
2009
Author(s)
Baquero F.
Paterson D.L.
Rossi F.
Bochicchio G.V.
Gallagher G.
Lantz K.
Villasenor J.B.
McCarroll K.
Abramson M.A.
Chow J.W.
Abstract
Background: The Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) is examining aerobic and facultatively anaerobic gram-negative bacilli (GNB) isolated from intra-abdominal infections. This report summarizes the 2005 annual data. Methods: During 2005, 76 medical centers in 31 countries in five regions collected intra-abdominal GNB for antimicrobial susceptibility testing using broth microdilution according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Results: A total of 5,476 unique aerobic and facultatively anaerobic GNB were isolated. Enterobacteriaceae accounted for 86% (4,711) of the total isolates. Among the 12 antimicrobial agents tested, the carbapenems and amikacin were the most reliably active against the Enterobacteriaceae, whereas ampicillin/sulbactam most often was the least active. Escherichia coli was the species most commonly isolated, at 48% (2,654). Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) were detected phenotypically in 12% (325/2,329) of E. coli and 18% (151/856) of Klebsiella spp. In general, ESBL producers demonstrated lower susceptibility to the majority of the antibiotics than the non-producers; however, ESBL producers usually were susceptible to the carbapenems tested. Conclusions: In 2005, antibiotic resistance continued to be a problem among GNB isolated from intra-abdominal infections, with the highest resistance rates observed in the Asia/Pacific region. Imipenem-cilastatin, ertapenem, and amikacin were the agents most consistently active in vitro against the Enterobacteriaceae isolated. ? 2009 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc..
Other Subjects
amikacin; antibiotic agent; carbapenem derivative; cefepime; cefotaxime; cefoxitin; ceftazidime; ceftriaxone; cilastatin plus imipenem; ciprofloxacin; clavulanic acid; ertapenem; extended spectrum beta lactamase; levofloxacin; piperacillin plus tazobactam; sultamicillin; abdominal infection; antibiotic resistance; antibiotic sensitivity; article; Asia; bacterium detection; bacterium isolate; bacterium isolation; broth dilution; controlled study; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia coli; Gram negative bacterium; health center; human; in vitro study; Klebsiella; monitoring; phenotype; practice guideline; priority journal; species; Abdominal Cavity; Anti-Bacterial Agents; beta-Lactam Resistance; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Enterobacteriaceae; Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Gram-Negative Facultatively Anaerobic Rods; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Population Surveillance; World Health
Type
journal article