Long-term effectiveness of pentavalent and monovalent rotavirus vaccines against hospitalization in Taiwan children
Journal
Vaccine
Journal Volume
38
Journal Issue
41
Pages
6435-6441
Date Issued
2020
Author(s)
Huang Y.-C.
Wu F.-T.
Huang Y.-C.
Liu C.-C.
Chun-Yi-Lee, Lin H.-C.
Chi H.
Ho Y.-H.
Shih S.-M.
Ching-Yi-Huang, Hsiung C.A.
Taiwan Pediatric Infectious Disease Alliance
Abstract
Background: Two rotavirus vaccines (RV1 and RV5) are available on the private market in Taiwan, not included in national immunization program. Scanty reports evaluated the rotavirus vaccine effectiveness (VE) in Asian countries. Methods: From February 2014-July 2017, we conducted a prospective case-control study in ten hospitals in Taiwan. Case-patients included children aged 8–59 months, and hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed rotavirus acute gastroenteritis (AGE). For each case patient, up to four controls, rotavirus-negative AGE or non-AGE illnesses, respectively, were matched by gender, age and enrolled date. Vaccination history was confirmed through vaccination card or hospital record. VE was calculated as (1 ? odds ratio of vaccination) × 100%. Results: Totally 4248 AGE patients and 2242 non-AGE controls were enrolled. A total of 330 case-patients with rotavirus AGE, 1226 rotavirus-negative AGE controls and 1122 non-AGE controls were included for analysis. Unvaccinated rate was 85.15% for rotavirus-positive cases, 42.9% for rotavirus-negative controls, and 34.31% for non-AGE controls. VE of two-dose RV1 was 84.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]:77.7%, 90.1%) for rotavirus-negative AGE and 88.9% (95% CI: 83.4%, 92.8%) for non-AGE controls, while VE of three-dose RV5 was 92.5% (95% CI: 85.1%, 96.7%) and 96.4% (95% CI: 91.9%, 98.6%), respectively. For respective vaccine, VEs were not significantly different in term of rotavirus genotypes. VEs of both vaccines declined <80% in children aged three years by combined controls. Conclusions: Both vaccines provided excellent and sustained protection against rotavirus AGE hospitalization in children in Taiwan, but the effectiveness declined slightly in children aged three years. ? 2020 The Author(s)
SDGs
Other Subjects
Rotavirus vaccine; live vaccine; Rotavirus vaccine; acute gastroenteritis; age; Article; case control study; child; child hospitalization; controlled study; drug efficacy; female; gender; genotype; human; major clinical study; male; priority journal; prospective study; Rotavirus infection; Taiwan; vaccination; viral gastroenteritis; adolescent; adult; Asia; hospitalization; infant; middle aged; preschool child; Rotavirus; Rotavirus infection; very elderly; young adult; Adolescent; Adult; Aged, 80 and over; Asia; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child, Preschool; Hospitalization; Humans; Infant; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Rotavirus; Rotavirus Infections; Rotavirus Vaccines; Taiwan; Vaccines, Attenuated; Young Adult
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Type
journal article