Evaluation and Enhancement of the PRIME MAC Mechanisms for Smart Grid Applications
Date Issued
2011
Date
2011
Author(s)
Wu, Chi-En
Abstract
In recent years, the smart grid is proposed to address the traditional power grid problems. One of smart grid applications is the last-mile communication between utilities and customers in low-voltage distribution network. In last-mile communication systems, PRIME is an open standard that provides a telecommunication architecture for automatic metering management and it is supported by most of the European countries now. PRIME defines the physical layer and MAC layer of narrowband power line communication in low-voltage electricity grid. However, there is a lack of a full simulation platform for the power line communication in smart grid now. Therefore, we implement the power line physical layer and PRIME MAC layer in NS-2. Based on the simulation platform, we identify some problems in PRIME from the simulation result. One is the prolonged time for network formation due to the short backoff time and complex connection setup procedure. Another is the contention mechanism that causes the packets to be dropped during the transmission since the channel access mechanism wastes a lot of time. To address these problems, we propose a random sensing method to reduce the network formation time and packet loss rate by separating the sensing period to avoid collisions. However, initial simulation results show that this method is unable to solve all problems in PRIME. Therefore, we improve the random sensing method to further enhance the random sensing method performance by tolerating more occurrences of sensing a busy channel for enhancing the channel usage. Simulation results show that the improved random sensing method can reduce half of the network formation time, and it can improve the packet loss rate up to 95% and delay time up to 42% compared to original PRIME MAC
when network is saturated.
Subjects
Smart Grid
PLC
AMM
NS-2
Low-voltage supply network
CSMA/CA
PRIME
Type
thesis
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