Effect of Bromide on DBP Formation During Pre-ozonation Process
Date Issued
2006
Date
2006
Author(s)
Liu, Hung-Tse
DOI
en-US
Abstract
Abstract
The objective of this study is intended to assess the effects of bromide and ammonia concentrations on bromate formation and bromide on bromide-containing THMs and HAAs species and to develop the bromate formation model for establishing operation guideline on minimization of bromate formation.
The experiment of work in this study can be divided into two stages. In stage 1, ozonation of water sample was conducted to evaluate reduction of bromide, ammonia, TOC, ozone, and the formation of bromate, and development the bromate formation model. In stage 2 chlorination samples were collected at 1, 3, 6, 24, 48, and 168 hours, respectively, for residual chlorine, THMs, and HAAs analyses.
The result of Factor analysis reveals that the group of bromide and bromate is one of the principal components for source water quality parameters at Cheng-Chin Lake. The bromate formation concentration increases with increasing reacting time between ozone and bromide. In principle, in the presence of ammonia, the bromate formation can be reduced due to the reaction of hypobromous acid with ammonia. Since the ammonia can react with ozone to form nitrate, the fraction of the ammonia attributed to reduce the bromate formation in ozonation should be identified.
In chlorination process, the effect of bromide concentration on the distribution of bromide-containing THMs species is more significant than that effect on bromide-containing HAAs species. Finally, an integrated bromate formation model was developed and can be utilized as an operation guideline for minimization of bromate formation in the course of ozonation.
CE Database subject headings: ozonation, bromate, bromate formation model, DBPFP, THM, HAA
Subjects
臭氧化處理程序
溴酸鹽
溴酸鹽預測模式
消毒副產物生成潛勢
三鹵甲烷
鹵乙酸類
ozonation
bromate
bromate formation model
DBPFP
TH
HAA
Type
thesis