Associations of different types of statins with the risk of open-angle glaucoma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Journal
Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie
Journal Volume
263
Journal Issue
1
Start Page
201
End Page
208
ISSN
1435-702X
Date Issued
2025-01
Author(s)
Pan, Ssu-Yu
Chen, Yun-Yu
Hsu, Min-Yen
Sheen, Yi-Jing
Weng, Chien-Hsiang
Lu, Yi-An
Wu, Mei-Hua
Chou, Chien-Chih
Abstract
Previous studies implied that different types of statins may pose divergent impacts on the risk of glaucoma onset. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the effects of various statins on the risk of glaucoma occurrence.
PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from February 1994 to February 2024. We included studies that investigated the effects of various types of statins, fibrates, ezetimibe, cholestyramine, niacin, PCSK9 inhibitors, omega-3 fatty acids, and any cholesterol-lowering medications on glaucoma onset or progression. The revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2.0) and the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies-of Interventions (ROBINS-1) tool were used to assess the quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs, respectively. The frequentist network meta-analysis framework was utilized to evaluate the comparative effectiveness, with the random effects model applied.
This network meta-analysis comprised 12 studies, encompassing 262,217 individuals and including cholesterol-lowering medications such as statins, fibrates, ezetimibe, cholestyramine, niacin, and omega-3 fatty acids. Our findings demonstrate that comparing to the placebo, rosuvastatin (risk ratio [RR], 1.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03 to 1.46), simvastatin (RR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.43), and pravastatin (RR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.43) increased the risk of glaucoma onset with statistical significance.
Rosuvastatin, simvastatin, and pravastatin were each associated with a significantly increased risk of glaucoma onset. We advise medical practitioners to exercise caution when prescribing these specific statins for patients who are at risk of developing glaucoma.
What is known Previous studies have suggested a link between statins and the risk of developing glaucoma. However, there is still ongoing debate regarding the specific effects of each type of statin on the onset of glaucoma. What is new This network meta-analysis comprehensively evaluated the effects of various statins on the risk of glaucoma onset. Rosuvastatin, simvastatin, and pravastatin were associated with a significantly increased risk of glaucoma onset.
Subjects
Cholesterol-lowering medication
Fibrate
Open-angle glaucoma
Statin
Visual field
Type
journal article