New Perspectives on Genetic Prediction for Pediatric Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease
Journal
Frontiers in Pediatrics
Journal Volume
8
Pages
603654
Date Issued
2020
Author(s)
Abstract
Non-alcoholic or recently re-defined metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), a spectrum of progressive hepatic disease, has become a public health issue in obese children and adolescents. MAFLD is a complex metabolic disease strongly associated with obesity and insulin resistance. It is not known why not every obese subject will develop MAFLD. Different ethnic/racial groups display differences in MAFLD prevalence, indicating genetic factor plays a role. In the past two decades, sequence variations in genetic loci, including PNPLA3, TM6SF2, GCKR, MBOAT7, HSD17B13, etc. have been shown to confer susceptibility to MAFLD in children and adults. This review article provides an updated viewpoint of genetic predictors related to pediatric MAFLD. We discuss whether these susceptible genes can be clinically used for risk stratification and personalized care. Understanding human genetics and molecular mechanisms can give important information not only for prediction of risk but also on how to design drugs. In view of current epidemic of MAFLD worldwide, it is necessary to identify which children with MAFLD progress rapidly and need earlier intervention. In the future, a comprehensive analysis of individualized genetic and environmental factors may help assess the risk of children with MAFLD and personalize their treatment. ? Copyright ? 2020 Lin, Wu and Ni.
Subjects
children; fatty liver; genetics; obesity; pediatric; precision medicine; sequence variation
SDGs
Other Subjects
acyltransferase; beta Klotho protein; cannabinoid receptor; cannabinoid receptor type 2; farnesyl diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1; G protein coupled receptor 120; glucokinase; glucokinase regulator protein; glucuronosyltransferase 1A1; heme oxygenase 1; hydroxysteroid 17 beta dehydrogenase 13; hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; immunity related gtpase family m protein; insulin; insulin receptor substrate 1; Klotho protein; kruppel like factor 6; lipid; lipin 1; M protein; membrane bound o acyltransferase domain containing protein 7; membrane protein; microsomal triglyceride transfer protein; patatin like phospholipase domain containing 3; peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator 1alpha; phospholipase; squalene synthase; transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2; unclassified drug; adolescent; adult; child; environmental factor; fatty liver; fibrogenesis; genetic association; genetic variability; genetic variation; heredity; heritability; human; inflammation; insulin resistance; lipid liver level; lipid metabolism; metabolic associated fatty liver disease; nonhuman; oxidative stress; pathogenesis; prediction; Review
Publisher
Frontiers Media S.A.
Type
review