Correlation of sugar profile of edible mushroom polysaccharides and its taxonomic classification
Date Issued
2012
Date
2012
Author(s)
Chang, Kai-Chi
Abstract
Edible mushroom polysaccharides are regarded as potential immune-stimulating substances, e.g. such as β-(1, 3)-D-glucan, (1, 6) branched (1, 3)-β-D-glucans, α-glucans, α-(1, 6)-galactans, mannans, and glycogen-like polysaccharides. The immunomodulatory activities of vary with sugar composition, glycosidic linkage pattern and molecular weight of the polysaccharide. This study intends to use the principal component statistical analysis for 21 species of edible mushrooms cultivated in Taiwan to establish the correlation of dietary fiber content and the sugar profile of indigestible water-soluble polysaccharide (ND-WSP), including the content, sugar composition, glycosidic linkage pattern, molecular weight, the content and degree of branch of β-(1, 3)-D-glucan, as parameters with the relationship of their taxonomic classification. The total dietary fiber, insoluble dietary fiber, and soluble dietary fiber content of these mushrooms were 24.78~83.76%, 19.62~76.5% and 0.56~5.09%, respectively. ND-WSP, the major composition of soluble dietary fiber were 1~4.16% in mushrooms dry weight, glucose, galactose and mannose are majority in their sugar composition, Agriucus. blazei, Auricularia auricula-juda and Tremella fuciformis contained higher uronic acid, and glucuronic acid were the major component. Xylose was the major monosaccharide in Agrocybe cylindracea, A. auricula-juda and T. fuciformis, and Lentinula edodes contained a high amount of fucose. The major glycosdic linkage pattern in ND-WSP were 1, 6-Galp; 1, 3-Glcp; 1, 6-Glcp; 1, 2-Manp; 1, 3-Manp and 1, 6-Manp, etc, and with several branching points, such as 1, 2, 6-Galp; 1, 2, 3-Galp; 1, 3, 6-Glcp; 1, 4, 6-Glcp; 1, 3, 4, 6-Glcp and 1, 3, 6-Manp, etc. There were two molecular weight distribution for most of ND-WSP in the range of 790-2370 and 8.5-20.3 kDa. The content of β-(1, 3)-D-glucan in ND-WSP were in the range of 0.69-41.66% and their degree of branch were 0.20-0.40. The mushrooms ND-WSP stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages cell line releasing TNF-α, NO. ND-WSP of A. blazei and A. auricula-juda showed the highest activities among selected mushrooms. For selected 21 mushrooms, PCA analysis group them into four categories according to their sugar profile of ND-WSP and immune-stimulating activities on RAW 264.7 which was correlated to their taxonomic classification.
Subjects
mushroom polysaccharides
dietary fiber
methylation analysis
principle component analysis
b-(1, 3)-D-glucan
Type
thesis
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