Synthesis of high-performance MnOx/carbon composite as lithium-ion battery anode by a facile co-precipitation method: Effects of oxygen stoichiometry and carbon morphology
Journal
Journal of Power Sources
Journal Volume
253
Pages
373-380
Date Issued
2014
Author(s)
Abstract
Manganese oxide/carbon (MnOx/C) composite powders showing high performance as lithium-ion battery anode are synthesized by a facile co-precipitation process followed by thermal calcination between 400 C and 700 C in N2, where the as-deposited MnO2 is reduced progressively to Mn3O4 and then to MnO. The role of conductive additive is investigated by adopting two carbon (C) materials of different dimensionalities, including carbon black (CB) nanoparticles and micron-sized graphitic flakes (GFs). For MnOx/CB composite, the cycling stability is remarkably enhanced with increasing calcination temperature, and this is due to increasing content of MnO, which exhibits superior redox reversibility than the oxides having higher Mn valences. Attempt to achieve single-phase MnO at higher temperature (700 C), nevertheless, leads to deteriorated cycle performance because of the formation of large oxide particles having poor contact with CB. The use of the two-dimensional GFs creates the "balls-on-plate" oxide-C configuration. This configuration facilitates MnO formation at lower temperature and simultaneously enables retention of good oxide-C contact, leading to significantly enhanced cycling stability and rate performance. The MnOx/GF composites obtained by calcination at 500-600 C show specific capacities of 550-600 mAh g -1-(oxide + C) with no capacity fading after 150 cycles. ? 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Subjects
Carbon additive
Conversion anode
Lithium ion battery
Manganese oxide
SDGs
Other Subjects
Calcination temperature; Carbon additives; Co-precipitation process; Conductive additives; Coprecipitation method; Lithium-ion battery; Lithium-ion battery anodes; Manganese oxide /carbon; Calcination; Carbon; Conductive materials; Lithium batteries; Manganese; Precipitation (chemical); Manganese oxide
Type
journal article