Effect of tricalcium aluminate on material properties, bioactivity and biocompatibility of calcium silicate ceramics
Date Issued
2011
Date
2011
Author(s)
Huang, Ying-Chieh
Abstract
In dentistry, the goal of vital pulp therapy involves removing diseased pulp tissue and covering the remaining undamaged tissue with appropriate materials to induce pulp
regeneration. Although plausible clinical results could often be achieved, the actual mechanism of pulp-dentin repair is still unknown. New materials need to be developed
for reliable prognosis. The purpose of this study was to examine the physico-chemical properties and biological performances of novel calcium silicate biomaterials prepared from mixing different ratio of tricalcium silicate(C3S) and tricalcium aluminate(C3A) which aimed to improve the setting time which was compared with that of ProRoot white MTA without any change in biological properties.
This study contained three experimental groups which contain C3S and C3A with different ratio (C3S/C3A: 90/10, 70/30, 50/50) and were fabricated with sol-gel technique; white-colored ProRoot MTA (Dentsply) was comparable group. The setting times, micro-hardness value, morphology and phase composition of hydration products and ex vivo bioactivity were evaluated, as well as the biocompatibility and mineralization, which use of MTT assay to evaluate cytotoxicity and use of ALP assay and Alizarin test to evaluate mineralization.
As solid phases determined by XRD, the material powder with different C3A content were proved. The initial setting times of 70/30, 50/50 groups were in the range of 10-25 minutes, which are significantly (p<0.05, ANOVA and post-hoc test) lower than those obtained for white-colored ProRoot MTA (165 minutes) and 90/10 group(81 minutes). The micro-hardness of 50/50 and 70/30 were also significantly(p<0.05) higher than ProRoot MTA in the first day. All groups demonstrated ex vivo bioactivity when they came into contact with phosphate ions. The biocompatibility results of all groups were as good as the negative control except 50/50 with mild cytotoxicity. Results of mineralization test showed that all groups could induce hard tissue formation.
Then we concluded in this study that, first, 90/10 group has optimal compressive strength, biocompatibility, and mineralization ability. Moreover, its material property is more reactive than white MTA. Second, with C3A increased to 30% to 50% in calcium silicate ceramics significantly improved setting time and early microhardness of the material, however, also exacerbating its material strength and biological properties.
Subjects
Tricalcium aluminate
Calcium silicate ceramics
Vital pulp therapy
Sol-gel method
Mineralization
Biocompatibility
Type
thesis
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