Fabrication of Proton Exchange and Annealed Proton Exchange Blue-Laser Waveguides on Lithium Niobate
Date Issued
2006
Date
2006
Author(s)
Wu, Jheng-Yi
DOI
zh-TW
Abstract
In this thesis, optical waveguides and directional couplers are made by proton exchange and annealed proton exchange process on Z-cut lithium niobate(LiNbO3), and are operated at blue-laser wavelength with single mode. In particular, process characteristics, output field countours, coupling length of directional coupler, and photorefractive effect caused by blue laser are discussed.
Optical mode simulation is based on the beam propagation method with refractive index models of proton exchange and annealed proton exchange waveguides, and waveguides with different conditions are discussed. In experiment, annealed proton exchanged waveguides supporting single mode at blue-laser wavelength are fabricated. The experimental results of waveguide width agree quite well with that obtained by simulation. Moreover, directional coupler is fabricated and measured under the single-mode process condition, Experimental data show the coupling length is 0.441mm when the waveguide width is 2.8um and the gap is 3.5um. Photorefractive effect is also measured for straight waveguides and directional couplers. Experimental results reveal that photorefractive effect of proton exchanged waveguides are less significant in comparison with that of Ti-diffused waveguides. The coupling ratio of directional coupler with a coupling length of 1600um is varied from 0.152 to 0.175 due to photorefractive effect.
Subjects
藍光
鈮酸鋰
質子交換
熱退火
方向耦合器
光折效應
blue laser
lithium niobate
proton exchange
anneal
directional coupler
photorefractive effect
Type
thesis
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