Recovery of metal ions from spent Lithium Ion Batteries (LIBs) using sodium salts of D2EHPA or P507: Performance evaluation and life cycle assessment
Journal
Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Journal Volume
18
Journal Issue
8
Pages
39-47
Date Issued
2014
Author(s)
Abstract
In this study, solvent extraction of Li, Co, Mn and Ni from spent Lithium Ion Batteries (LIBs) was carried out using sodium - di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (Na-D2EHPA) and mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (Na-P507) dissolved in kerosene. Both the D2EHPA and P507 extractants were saponified by NaOH solution before it was used and the kerosene was used as the diluent. The concentrations of Li, Co, Mn and Ni ions were measured with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The percentage extraction for the metal ions including Li, Co, Mn and Ni was increased with increasing equilibrium pH. In addition, Mn was preferentially extracted over Li, Co and Ni with the extractants and D2EHPA was found to be the most suitable extractant for separation where the maximized separation factor was operated under an O/A ratio of 1:1 maximized with 1.0 M D2EHPA at an equilibrium pH value of 3.5. Furthermore, the environmental impacts using mid-point criteria including climate change (GWP500), freshwater ecotoxicity (FETPinf), freshwater eutrophication (FEP), human toxicity (HTPinf), marine ecotoxicity (METPinf), marine eutrophication (MEP), particulate matter formation (PMFP), photochem. oxidant form. (POFP), terrestrial acidification (TAP500), terrestrial ecotoxicity (TETPinf) and water depletion (WDP) for LIBs extraction process of Li were assessed by LCA.
Subjects
D2EHPA; Life cycle assessment; P507; Solvent extraction; Spent lithium ion batteries (LIBs)
Other Subjects
bioaccumulation; dilution; ester; life cycle analysis; lithium; pH; phase equilibrium; separation
Publisher
International Congress of Chemistry and Environment
Type
journal article