Three-dimensional simulations of double-diffusive convection of nanofluids and conjugate heat transfer in an n-shaped cavity with non-uniform boundary conditions using the multigrid method
Journal
International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer
Journal Volume
162
Start Page
108627
ISSN
0735-1933
Date Issued
2025-03
Author(s)
Abstract
Nanofluids are a new type of fluid designed to enhance heat transfer. Brownian motion is one of the key mechanisms by which nanofluids enhance heat transfer. In engineering applications involving double-diffusive convection, the temperature and concentration distributions on the surfaces of objects are often non-uniform. The aim of this study is to develop a fast solver to investigate: (1) the effects of non-uniform heating, non-uniform concentration, and Brownian motion on the heat and mass transfer in nanofluids within a three-dimensional n-shaped cavity, and (2) the effects of the composition and arrangement of multi-layer solids on the conjugate heat transfer. The results show that the multigrid method can accelerate the computations by a factor of 1000. Compared to uniform heating and uniform concentration, non-uniform heating and non-uniform concentration can enhance the heat transfer rate by 23.73% and the mass transfer rate by 28.04%. The heat transfer rate of the 5-layer solid is 6.91% higher than that of the 3-layer solid. This study provides important guidance for improving heat and mass transfer efficiency, with potential applications in cooling of electronic devices, solar collectors, and chemical reactors.
Subjects
Brownian motion
Conjugate heat transfer
Double-diffusive convection
Multigrid method
Nanofluid
Non-uniform heating
SDGs
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Type
journal article