邊緣再思：文化、傷痛、再現─惡與真實：後現代的轉折(2/3)
Date Issued
2004-10-31
Date
2004-10-31
Author(s)
DOI
922411H002014BG
Abstract
Work in this year’s project has been primarily focused on the construction of a
theoretical scheme. We begin with the main problematic linking evil and the real:
According to the theory of the subject presented in the Lacanian elaboration of
Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, analysis, while seeking to bring the subject into closer
acquaintance with what is “real,” has to face the moment when the “traversing of
fantasy” has taken place and the subject has reached the kernel of the unconscious,
but this very kernel is found to be without the certitude usually associated with reality
but in essence a “fundamental fantasy.” In other words, the real and the fantasized are
not simple antitheses but are paradoxically both linked and opposed. Hence the ethical aporia faced by psychoanalysis when the “kernel” of the unconscious takes the form
of an instigator of evil and may have to be pronounced to be without blame and
without a viable solution. Lacan deals with this problem in his seventh seminar, The
Ethics of Psychoanalysis (1992), which provides us with a preliminary framework.
Here Lacan begins his seminar by referring to Freud’s “pre-psychoanalytic” work, the
Project for a Scientific Psychology (1966), using what Freud proposed as the three
neuronal systems (φ, ψ, and ω) to establish the existence, “beyond the pleasure
principle,” of pleasure in the real (jouissance). This move may strike one as an
attempt to situate the moral in blind pleasure, but a closer look reveals the other side
of the coin: The Lacanian short circuiting pleasure and good also sets up a dividing
line between ψ system and φ system, primary process and secondary process, pleasure
per se and pleasure beyond pleasure. Returning, with Lacan, to the Freudian
elaboration of the tripartite organization of neurons, the present project takes up two
related issues to pursue cross fertilization and to open up Lacanian theory for the
study of literature and culture. First, it will be most important to expound the close
connections between “structural trauma” and jouissance. The study of trauma has
often been associated with ethical pitfalls, which are precisely indicative of the
aptness of the psychoanalytic position in the study of thematics and politics in literary
and cultural productions invested with similar ethical interest. Second, the division
between ψ system and φ system is strongly reminiscent of the strange demarcating
line between translatability and untranslatability in translation studies, which would
lead us to a consideration of Walter Benjamin’s theory of language and translation.
This appeal to Benjamin may provide fresh insights for both sides and point to a way
to bring cultural studies and translation studies into better alignment.
Subjects
evil
the real
subjectivity
untranslatability
trauma
pleasure
principle
principle
Publisher
臺北市：國立臺灣大學外國語文學系暨研究所
Type
report
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