Modeling VOC-odor exposure risk in livestock buildings
Resource
Chemosphere 68 (4) 781-789
Journal
Chemosphere
Pages
781-789
Date Issued
2007
Date
2007
Author(s)
Liang, Huang-Min
Abstract
This paper describes a novel idea of linking models of exposure, internal dosimetry, and health effects. Risk assessment approach that integrates predicted odor caused by volatile organic compounds (VOC-odor) of toluene/xylene concentrations in human tissues leads to predict exposure risks in livestock buildings. First, VOC transport model was developed to calculate airborne toluene/xylene concentrations. Based on a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model, concentrations within five compartments representing lung, liver, fat, slowly perfused tissues, and rapidly perfused tissues could be quantified. By using a pharmacodynamic (PD) Hill model, we can optimally fit data from rat and human experiments to reconstruct dose-response relationships for accounting human health effects from nose poke and eye irritation. Results demonstrated that peak tissue concentration occurring at 5-10 h in that fat contains the highest concentration than other tissues at around 4 ppm of toluene and 1.8 ppm of xylene. The EC10 values are 114 and 232 ppm, whereas expected risks are estimated to be 0.71% and 0.26% of human exposure to toluene and xylene, respectively. Risk analyses indicate that inhalation exposure in livestock buildings poses no significant threat to human health under the present environmental conditions. This method provides a rigorous and effective approach to relate target tissue concentration to human nose poke or eye irritation. We suggest that our probabilistic framework and methods be taken seriously because they produce general conclusions that are more robust and could offer a risk-management framework for discussion of future establishment of limits for respiratory exposure to VOC-odor. ? 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Subjects
Livestock building; Pharmacodynamic; Physiologically based pharmacokinetic; Probabilistic; Risk assessment; Toulene; VOC; Xylene
SDGs
Other Subjects
Health risks; Pharmacodynamics; Risk assessment; Toluene; Volatile organic compounds; Xylene; Livestock building; Physiologically based pharmacokinetic; Risk management; toluene; volatile organic compound; xylene; Health risks; Pharmacodynamics; Risk assessment; Risk management; Toluene; Volatile organic compounds; Xylene; bioaccumulation; dose-response relationship; environmental modeling; health risk; livestock farming; odor; pollution exposure; respiratory disease; risk assessment; toluene; volatile organic compound; xylene; article; building; indoor air pollution; livestock; occupational hazard; odor; probability; risk assessment; risk management; statistical model; Rattus
Type
journal article
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