Pile settlement and volume reduction measurement during forced-aeration static composting
Resource
Bioresource Technology 99 (16): 7450-7457
Journal
Bioresource Technology
Journal Volume
99
Journal Issue
16
Pages
7450-7457
Date Issued
2008
Date
2008
Author(s)
Abstract
In this study, a settlement measurement device was used to track the settlement of different layers in composting piles, and time courses of settlement velocity, bulk density distribution, and effective bulk density were investigated. Settlement is divided into two stages: the physical compressive settlement and the mass loss settlement. At the end of the former stage, bulk density (ρ′) and pile height (h) follow ρ′ = AhB, where A is a fitting parameter for the initial bulk density of the composting material, and B is the compression parameter. The physical compressibilities of composting mixtures are night-soil sludge and garden refuse (1:1) > sewage sludge and cornstalks (5:4) > night-soil sludge and garden refuse (2:3) > sewage sludge and bark (1:1). Adding the proportion of bulking agent in the proper extent effectively retarded composting settlement. Bark exhibits a better supporting capability than cornstalk does as a bulking agent. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Subjects
Bulk density; Composting; Settlement; Sludge; Volume reduction
SDGs
Other Subjects
Astrophysics; Measurements; Piles; Velocity distribution; Bulk density (BD); Composting piles; Mass losses; measurement devices; Pile height; pile settlement; Settlement velocity; time courses; Two stages; Volume reduction (VR); Composting; aeration; bark; bulk density; composting; compression; refuse; settling velocity; sludge; volume; article; bulk density; composting; pasteurization; physical chemistry; priority journal; sludge; solid waste management; temperature; Aerobiosis; Animals; Fertilizers; Manure; Refuse Disposal; Sewage; Soil; Temperature; Time Factors
Type
journal article
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