Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection and incidence of toxoplasma encephalitis in non-haemophiliac HIV-1-infected adults in Taiwan
Journal
International Journal of STD and AIDS
Journal Volume
16
Journal Issue
4
Pages
302-306
Date Issued
2005
Author(s)
Abstract
We assessed the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection and incidence of toxoplasma encephalitis (TE) in 844 non-haemophiliac HIV-infected patients in Taiwan between June 1994 and April 2003. Approximately 70% (69.3%) of them had a baseline CD4+ lymphocyte count of 200 × 106/L or less, and more than 70% (73.9%) having initiated highly active antiretroviral therapy. The seroprevalence of T. gondii infection was 10.2%, which did not differ with sex, age, route of transmission, birth inside or outside of Taiwan, or CD4+ lymphocyte stratifications. After a median observation duration of 603 days (range, 1-3264 days), 10 (1.2%) patients developed 11 episodes of TE after a median interval of 30 days (range, 1-941 days) between enrolment and diagnosis of TE, with an incidence of 0.59 per 100 person-years (PY) (95% confidence interval, 0.56-0.63 per 100 PY). We concluded that the incidence of TE of HIV-infected patients in Taiwan was lower than that reported in western countries because of a lower seroprevalence of T. gondii infection and use of antimicrobial prophylaxis and antiretroviral therapy, although most of the patients were at the late stage of HIV infection.
SDGs
Other Subjects
clindamycin; cotrimoxazole; proteinase inhibitor; pyrimethamine; RNA directed DNA polymerase inhibitor; adult; aged; antibiotic prophylaxis; article; disease association; encephalitis; female; highly active antiretroviral therapy; human; Human immunodeficiency virus 1; Human immunodeficiency virus infection; human tissue; infection risk; lymphocyte count; major clinical study; male; parasite incidence; prevalence; priority journal; seroprevalence; superinfection; Taiwan; toxoplasma encephalitis; Toxoplasma gondii; toxoplasmosis; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Taiwan; Toxoplasmosis
Type
journal article