Effects of Sorghum Distillery Residue Water Extracts on Whitening and Apoptosis of Mus musculus Melanoma Cell
Date Issued
2015
Date
2015
Author(s)
Wu, Ming-Chang
Abstract
Sorghum bicolor, Poaceae Family, Sorghum species, occupies the fifth most cultivated area of cereal crops of the world. The several major cultivated regions include the North of America, Africa and South of Asia. In China, Sorghum is used to produce liquor by fermenting and distilling. After liquor processing, tremendous amount of sorghum distillery residues are remained, and applications of making great value of these byproducts have been an important issue. In this study, to confirm the skin whitening ability of sorghum distillery residues, several basic bioactive assays of sorghum distillery residue water extracts (SWE) were conducted. Total phenolic acid content was 21.50 mg Gallic acid equivalent (GAE) /g; Total Flavonoids content was 26.60 mg Querectin equivalent (QE) /g; DPPH scavenging ability concentration of IC50 was 0.4421 mg/ml; Vitro Tyrosinase inhibition concentration of IC50 was 1.790 mg/ml. Malignant melanoma cells are originated from melanocytes, pigmented cells, which are health-threaten cancer of skin. In this research, B16F10 melanoma cell from Mus musculus were treated with different concentration of SWE from 0.3125 to 10 mg/ml. Afterwards, MTS assay and melanin contents were performed, and Annexin-V/PI staining apoptosis and PI staining cell cycle were both carried out by using FC500 Flow Cytometry. The results indicates at 8 mg/ml SWE treatment, cell viability reach 76.65%, and SWE inhibit melanin synthesis by 37.54% at 10 mg/ml. As for apoptosis and cell cycle analysis, SWE treatment has highest early apoptosis rate 25.57%, late apoptosis rate 63.91% at 10 mg/ml, and numbers of cell in Sub-G1 phase (cell arrest) increase from 3.0 % (vehicle control) to 7.9% (10 mg/ml SWE). Assay of live-cell protease, dead-cell protease & caspase-3/7 by Fluorescence & luminescence. The results indicated that after treated with SWE 48hrs had highest caspase activity, and after treated with 24hrs had highest dead-cell protease activity.
Subjects
Sorghum distillery residue
Mus musculus Melanoma Cell
flow cytometry
tyrosinase
SDGs
Type
thesis