Regulation of IL-4 Expression in Immunity and Diseases
Journal
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
Journal Volume
941
Pages
31
ISBN
978-94-024-0919-2
978-94-024-0921-5
Date Issued
2016
Author(s)
Ho, I-Cheng
Abstract
IL-4 was first identified as a T cell-derived growth factor for B cells. Studies over the past several decades have markedly expanded our understanding of its cellular sources and function. In addition to T cells, IL-4 is produced by innate lymphocytes, such as NTK cells, and myeloid cells, such as basophils and mast cells. It is a signature cytokine of type 2 immune response but also has a nonimmune function. Its expression is tightly regulated at several levels, including signaling pathways, transcription factors, epigenetic modifications, microRNA, and long noncoding RNA. This chapter will review in detail the molecular mechanism regulating the cell type-specific expression of IL-4 in physiological and pathological type 2 immune responses.
Subjects
Cytokine; Epigenetic; IL-4; Transcription; Type 2 immune response
SDGs
Other Subjects
beta catenin; cis acting element; cytokine; deoxyribonuclease I; histone H3; interleukin 2; interleukin 4; interleukin 4 receptor; long untranslated RNA; mammalian target of rapamycin; microRNA; microRNA 155; Notch receptor; protein Dec2; protein miR 19; protein miR 21; STAT5 protein; STAT6 protein; T lymphocyte receptor; transcription factor; transcription factor c Maf; transcription factor GATA 3; transcription factor JunB; unclassified drug; Wnt protein; interleukin 4; allergic airway inflammation; allergic asthma; atopic dermatitis; basophil; bone marrow cell; cellular immunity; cytokine production; epigenetic repression; gene locus; genome-wide association study; human; immunoregulation; innate immunity; intron; lymphocyte differentiation; lymphoid cell; mast cell; molecular mechanics; natural killer cell; nonhuman; priority journal; promoter region; protein expression; protein function; protein protein interaction; regulator gene; signal transduction; Th2 cell; animal; diseases; gene expression regulation; genetics; immunology; innate immunity; lymphocyte; metabolism; Animals; Basophils; Disease; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Interleukin-4; Lymphocytes
Publisher
SPRINGER
Type
book part