1.Do Municipal Waste Incinerators associate with attention deficit and hyperactive disorder in children? -- An Epidemiological Study of 12 Primary Schools in the Vicinity of Three Municipal Waste Incinerators； 2.Mercury, genetic polymorphism and child health --Taipei Birth panel study (TBPS)
Date Issued
2006
Date
2006
Author(s)
Ng, Sharon
DOI
en-US
Abstract
1.
The aim of our study is to investigate the relationship between municipal waste incinerators (MWIs) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among children in primary schools.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in design. Three municipal waste incinerators in Taipei, Taiwan, were selected. We chose two primary schools within two km from each incinerator as the exposure group, and two primary schools at a distance of at least two km from the incinerator as the reference group. We performed air sampling for dioxins, PM10, PM2.5, PM1, cadmium, and chromium in May and August 2003 for each school. We chose a class from each grade randomly (1 class × 6 grades × 4 schools × 3 incinerators), 1,948 children, performed the questionnaire survey including the Werry-Weiss-Peters Activity Scale as a screening tool for ADHD. Finally, we compared the prevalence of ADHD between the exposure and reference groups and employed multiple logistic regression models to calculate adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.
Results: The ranges of dioxins were 0.011-0.317 and 0.016-0.046 pg-TEQ (I-TEF)/m3 for the exposure and reference groups, respectively. The prevalence rates of ADHD were 13.4% and 9.2% for the exposure and reference groups, respectively. The prenatal and / or early postnatal exposure was seen as critical related to AHDH performance among the students. After controlling for age, gender, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), injury experience, MWIs sites, and maternal education and pregnant age, the exposure group had a higher risk (adjusted odds ratio, OR=1.43; 95% confidence interval, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.01) than the reference group. Prenatal and /or early postnatal (before 1 year old), exposure also had a higher risk (adjusted odds ratio, OR=1.87; 95% confidence interval, 95% CI: 1.2, 2.88).
Discussion and conclusions: Emissions from municipal waste incinerators might have a slightly adverse effect on children, increasing ADHD performance. However, the role of exposure misclassification and chance should also be considered. A prospective longitudinal study is warranted to elucidate the relation between emissions from incinerators and specific aspects of child health.
2.
The genetic polymorphism may play an important role to modulate the health effects, as well as people who are genetic susceptible will poor response to eliminate potential hazard even in low level exposure. In this study we focused on prenatal mercury (Hg) exposure and its related genetic polymorphism Apolipoprotein E (Apo E) to investigate the genetic and environmental interaction on child health. We aimed to explore the influence of gene polymorphism on Hg exposure child health especially on neurobehavioral development.
A total 347 infant-mother pairs, delivery during April 2004 and January 2005 will be recruited. We also collected maternal blood, cord blood and urine specimens at the time delivery. We employed ICP-MS to detect cord blood and maternal blood mercury level, and applied PCR-RFLP to analysis Apolipoprotein genotype.
Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire and invited their infant to have neonatal neurobehavioral examine. At aged 6 months and applied Comprehensive Developmental Inventory for Infants and Toddlers（CDIIT）as tool to implement the evaluation on infants physical growth and neurodevelopment. By the way, we also carried out the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME).
Result: The cord blood concentration was significant associated with the item of tone and motor of NNE, but not associate with adverse effect on fetus growth or 6 months neurodevelopment outcome. Although at the part of CDIIT, we found almost positive association with cord blood mercury level, it might be due to the social economic status and beneficial of oceanic fish consumption or breastfeeding. There is no adversely association with
Subjects
兒童注意力/缺乏過動證
焚化爐
戴奧辛
兒童神經行為發展
基因多型性
汞
出生結果
神經行為發展
Child neurodevelopment
dioxins
prenatal exposure
early postnatal exposure
ADHD
genetic polymorphism
cord blood mercury
fish consumption
birth outcome
neurobehavioral development
SDGs
Type
thesis
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