Transdermal drug delivery systems for fighting common viral infectious diseases
Journal
Drug Delivery and Translational Research
Date Issued
2021
Author(s)
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) have many advantages and represent an excellent alternative to oral delivery and hypodermic injections. TDDS are more convenient and less invasive tools for disease and viral infection treatment, prevention, detection, and surveillance. The emerging development of microneedles for TDDS has facilitated improved skin barrier penetration for the delivery of macromolecules or hydrophilic drugs. Microneedle TDDS patches can be fabricated to deliver virus vaccines and potentially provide a viable alternative vaccine modality that offers improved immunogenicity, thermostability, simplicity, safety, and compliance as well as sharp-waste reduction, increased cost-effectiveness, and the capacity for self-administration, which could improve vaccine distribution. These advantages make TDDS-based vaccine delivery an especially well-suited option for treatment of widespread viral infectious diseases including pandemics. Because microneedle-based bioassays employ transdermal extraction of interstitial fluid or blood, they can be used as a minimally invasive approach for surveying disease markers and providing point-of-care (POC) diagnostics. For cutaneous viral infections, TDDS can provide localized treatment with high specificity and less systemic toxicity. In summary, TDDS, especially those that employ microneedles, possess special attributes that can be leveraged to reduce morbidity and mortality from viral infectious diseases. In this regard, they may have considerable positive impact as a modality for improving global health. In this article, we introduce the possible role and summarize the current literature regarding TDDS applications for fighting common cutaneous or systemic viral infectious diseases, including herpes simplex, varicella or herpes zoster, warts, influenza, measles, and COVID-19. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. ? 2021, Controlled Release Society.
Subjects
Microneedle vaccine; Microneedles; Transdermal drug delivery; Transdermal patches; Transdermal sampling; Viral infection
SDGs
Other Subjects
virus vaccine; antivirus agent; Article; bioassay; chickenpox; classification; coronavirus disease 2019; device safety; disease marker; drug delivery system; drug self administration; global health; herpes simplex; herpes zoster; human; hydrophilicity; immunogenicity; influenza; interstitial fluid; local therapy; macromolecule; measles; minimally invasive procedure; morbidity; mortality; pandemic; point of care testing; skin penetration; thermostability; vaccination; vaccine immunogenicity; verruca vulgaris; virus infection; animal; communicable disease; cutaneous drug administration; immunology; metabolism; microinjection; procedures; Administration, Cutaneous; Animals; Antiviral Agents; Communicable Diseases; COVID-19; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Microinjections
Type
journal article