Use of antipsychotics increases the risk of fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Journal
Osteoporosis International
Journal Volume
28
Journal Issue
4
Pages
1167-1178
Date Issued
2017
Author(s)
Abstract
Summary: Our systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies indicated that the use of antipsychotics was associated with a nearly 1.5-fold increase in the risk of fracture. First-generation antipsychotics (FGAs) appeared to carry a higher risk of fracture than second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs). Introduction: The risk of fractures associated with the use of antipsychotic medications has inconsistent evidence between different drug classes. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate whether there is an association between the use of antipsychotic drugs and fractures. Methods: Searches were conducted through the PubMed and EMBASE databases to identify observational studies that had reported a quantitative estimate of the association between use of antipsychotics and fractures. The summary risk was derived from random effects meta-analysis. Results: The search yielded 19 observational studies (n?=?544,811 participants) with 80,835 fracture cases. Compared with nonuse, use of FGAs was associated with a significantly higher risk for hip fractures (OR 1.67, 95% CI, 1.45–1.93), and use of second generation antipsychotics (SGAs) was associated with an attenuated but still significant risk for hip fractures (OR 1.33, 95% CI, 1.11–1.58). The risk of fractures associated with individual classes of antipsychotic users was heterogeneous, and odds ratios ranged from 1.24 to 2.01. Chlorpromazine was associated with the highest risk (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.43–2.83), while Risperidone was associated with the lowest risk of fracture (OR 1.24, 95% CI 0.95–1.83). Conclusions: FGA users were at a higher risk of hip fracture than SGA users. Both FGAs and SGAs were associated with an increased risk of fractures, especially among the older population. Therefore, the benefit of the off-label use of antipsychotics in elderly patients should be weighed against any risks for fracture. ? 2017, International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation.
SDGs
Other Subjects
amisulpride; amoxapine; aripiprazole; asenapine; blonanserin; bromperidol; chlorpromazine; clozapine; flupentixol; fluphenazine; haloperidol; iloperidone; levomepromazine; loxapine; lurasidone; melperone; neuroleptic agent; olanzapine; paliperidone; penfluridol; pentixol; perphenazine; pimozide; quetiapine; risperidone; sertindole; sulpiride; tiotixene; unclassified drug; ziprasidone; zuclopenthixol; neuroleptic agent; Article; disease association; drug use; Embase; femur fracture; fracture; high risk patient; hip fracture; human; Medline; observational study; priority journal; quantitative study; systematic review; chemically induced; femur fracture; fragility fracture; hip fracture; meta analysis; procedures; risk assessment; Antipsychotic Agents; Femoral Fractures; Hip Fractures; Humans; Osteoporotic Fractures; Risk Assessment
Type
journal article