行政院國家科學委員會補助專題研究計畫成果報告: 台灣山坡地環境敏感區土地利用變遷及其對環境衝擊之研究─子計畫二：集水區土地利用變遷對河川水文的影響（III）
Date Issued
2004
Date
2004
Author(s)
徐美玲
DOI
922621Z002005
Abstract
Rapid population growth and industrial development in recent years have resulted in
urban sprawl onto the peripheral slopeland and cultivation of some forested land. These land use
changes have great impacts on the watershed ecosystem, and have been the major concern in
watershed management. Due to the interrelationship between the use of a land and its
environmental factors, effective prediction of the impact of land use change on watershed runoff
can only be achieved by incorporating the actual spatial distribution of land use within a
watershed. This study aims to develop a grid-based distributed hydrological model which can
readily incorporate land use information derived from satellite imageries and simulate watershed
hydrographs for different land use spatial patterns. The model adopts continuity equation, diffuse
wave model, and the Manning’s equation for surface runoff routing, while uses the Green and
Ampt infiltration theory and Darcy’s Law for subsurface runoff treatment. Uncertainty analysis
incorporating Monte Carlo simulation and a Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Efficiency
Coefficient is used to retrieve optimal parameter values and to estimate the confidence interval
for the simulation results.
The environmental data of the upper watershed of Chen-Yu-Lang River, and 5 rainfall
events were used first for parameter calibration, and then 2 other storms were used to verify the
results. Since the size of the study area is 6 times larger than that of the previous study area, it
become necessary to lower the DEM resolution in order to facilitate the simulation at the
expanse of topographic details. And as the study area increases, the variation of each hydrologic
parameter increases accordingly, furthermore, inadequate rainfall data also result in poor
simulation results. It is concluded that the proposed model is adequate in estimating hydrological
responses in small watershed, however has shown its inadequacy for large watersheds.
Subjects
Geographic Information System
Digital Elevation Models
Distributed Hydrological Model
diffusive wave
Manning’s equation
Green and Ampt Infiltration
SDGs
Publisher
臺北市：國立臺灣大學地理環境資源學系暨研究所
Type
report
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