Increased spacing between Sp1 and TATAA renders human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication defective: Implication for Tat function
Journal
Journal of Virology
Journal Volume
67
Journal Issue
12
Pages
6937-6944
Date Issued
1993
Author(s)
Jeang K.-T.
Abstract
Expression of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is strongly activated by Tat. The proper action of Tat requires three elements: TATAA, TAR, and upstream motifs in the HIV-1 long terminal repeat. We show here that the correct spatial arrangement among Tat, Sp1, and TATAA crucially influences HIV expression. Under conditions in which basal promoter activity is unperturbed, distancing Sp1 from TATAA markedly affected Tat trans activation. An increase in the Sp1-TATAA distance from 18 to 101 nucleotides (depending on the inserted sequence) rendered HIV-1 either partially or wholly replication defective. This critical dependence on spacing suggests that Tat-, Sp1-, and TATAA-binding factors must correctly contact each other for optimal expression and replication of HIV-1.
SDGs
Type
journal article