The Implementation of the Policy for Environmental Science and Technology Park in Taiwan
Date Issued
2012
Date
2012
Author(s)
Lee, Yi-Hua
Abstract
Because of the concerns about climate change, many countries chose suitable regions to develop Eco-Industrial Parks (EIP). Based on the successful experiences of Eco-towns in Japan and Kalundborg EIP in Demark, four Environmental Science and Technology Parks (ESTPs) in Taiwan (Kaohsiung, Hualien, Taoyuan, and Tainan) were set up between 2002 and 2011. As there is a lack of comprehensive reviews about the origin, policy-making, and promotion of the ESTP project, the goal of this study is to investigate the development and promotion outcome of the ESTP project. The study also checks the suitability of the EIP design principles by comparing the EIP projects with other countries, and outlines the difficulties and challenges in the implementation of ESTP projects.
Based on expert questionnaire and in-depth interviews, this study discusses how the overall effectiveness of the ESTP policy is influenced by the relationship between the central and local governments, and by the policy itself and the follow-up actions. Delphi questionnaire is implemented by referring to the policy execution model proposed by Goggin et al. (1990) to discuss the policy execution model of ESTP and the promotion outcome. In-depth interviews with central and local government executives, vendors, experts, scholars, and nearby residents were done to understand the role and the function of the central and local governments, and the attitude and the practical measure of enterprises. From the perspective of global management, the primary reasons for success and failure are analyzed to provide a comprehensive suggestion.
The results of the study reveal that the policy execution model of ESTP in Taiwan is an integrated “top-down” and “bottom-up” model. The main factors that impact the outcome of the ESTP project include the incentives, constraints, attitude and determination of the central government, the policies and the ability of the local governments, and the objective and subjective factors of the overall environment. In fact, the original goals and promotion measures of Taiwan ESTP are similar to the principles of EIP presented by Oh et al. (2005). According to the classification of EIPs, ESTPs in Taiwan were “green industry parks”. In 2011, the last year of the ESTP project, ESTPs had been developed as “integrated eco-industrial parks”. In the future, several industrial parks including ESTPs within a region will be integrated as a system toward “networked eco-industrial park system”.
The common problems of ESTP policy promotion include system design, outer environment, and human factors. Except the Hualien ESTP, the Kaohsiung, Taoyuan, and Tainan ESTPs are considered to have successfully achieved 80% of the original goals except the percentage of the sold area. Many manufacturers also received numerous awards at home and abroad. Some waste problems have been solved by importing reuse and recycle technology to gain more economic benefits. Recycle-oriented society with production, living, and ecology has been built through combining the ESTP with nearby areas via ecological. Green building label and ecological engineering design could improve the image of the country and promote the concept of environmental protection in the public.
Subjects
Environmental Science and Technology Parks
Eco-Industrial Parks
Policy Implementation
Industry Links
Across Boundary Governance
Type
thesis
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