Understanding Differences in the Crystallization Kinetics between One-Step Slot-Die Coating and Spin Coating of MAPbI3 Using Multimodal In Situ Optical Spectroscopy
Journal
Advanced Optical Materials
Journal Volume
9
Journal Issue
21
Date Issued
2021
Author(s)
Sch?tz K
Greve C
Langen A
Gorter H
Dogan I
Galagan Y
van Breemen A.J.J.M
Gelinck G.H
Herzig E.M
Abstract
To develop a detailed understanding about halide perovskite processing from solution, the crystallization processes are investigated during spin coating and slot-die coating of MAPbI3 at different evaporation rates by simultaneous in situ photoluminescence, light scattering, and absorption measurements. Based on the time evolution of the optical parameters it is found that for both processing methods initially solvent-complex-structures form, followed by perovskite crystallization. The latter proceeds in two stages for spin coating, while for slot-die coating only one perovskite crystallization phase occurs. For both processing methods, it is found that with increasing evaporation rates, the crystallization kinetics of the solvent-complex structure and the perovskite crystallization remain constant on a relative time scale, whereas the duration of the second perovskite crystallization in spin coating increases. This second perovskite crystallization appears restricted due to differences in solvent-complex phase morphologies from which the perovskite forms. The work emphasizes the importance of the exact precursor state properties on the perovskite formation. It further demonstrates that detailed analyses of multimodal optical in situ spectroscopy allows gaining a fundamental understanding of the crystallization processes that take place during solution processing of halide perovskites, independent from the specific processing method. ? 2021 The Authors. Advanced Optical Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH
Subjects
absorption
halide perovskites
light scattering
photoluminescence
thin film formation
Coatings
Crystallization kinetics
Evaporation
Light scattering
Perovskite
Solvents
Spin coating
Absorption measurements
Complex structure
Crystallization process
Halide perovskites
In-situ optical spectroscopy
Optical in situ spectroscopy
Optical parameter
Solution-processing
In situ processing
Type
journal article