Ganoderma tsugae in vivo modulates Th1/Th2 and macrophage responses in an allergic murine model
Resource
Food and Chemical Toxicology 44 (12): 2025-2032
Journal
Food and Chemical Toxicology
Journal Volume
44
Journal Issue
12
Pages
2025-2032
Date Issued
2006
Date
2006
Author(s)
Abstract
We have reported that Ganoderma tsugae supplementation alleviates bronchoalveolar inflammation in an airway sensitization and challenge model with female BALB/c mice. However, the effects of G. tsugae supplementation in vivo on serum antibody levels, splenocyte and peritoneal microphage immune responses have not yet been determined. In this study, serum antibody levels, cytokines and splenocyte chemical mediators and peritoneal macrophage cultures from ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized and -challenged mice were examined after continuously consuming G. tsugae supplementation diets for 5 weeks. The results showed that OVA sensitization and challenge significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the spontaneous production of IL-2 (Th1) cytokine, but significantly (P < 0.05) increased spontaneous and OVA-stimulated IL-4 (Th2) production in splenocyte cultures from experimental mice. OVA administration significantly decreased both spontaneous and LPS/IFN-γ-stimulated IL-1β and IL-6 levels in peritoneal macrophage cultures from experimental mice. However, dietary supplementation with G. tsugae significantly increased spontaneous IL-2 level, but slightly decreased spontaneous IL-4 level in cultured splenocyte supernatants in the experimental groups. G. tsugae supplementation enhanced pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 production in cultured peritoneal macrophages. However, the nitric oxide level from cultured peritoneal macrophages and serum OVA-specific IgE and IgG2a antibody levels was not significantly affected. These results suggest that OVA sensitization and challenge induced a Th2-skewed splenocyte response and decreased peritoneal macrophage cytokine secretion. G. tsugae supplementation in vivo modulated the Th1/Th2 balance and enhanced macrophage immune responses. However, the supplementation diet could not fully reverse the Th2-skewed responses to level of Th1-skewed responses. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Subjects
Allergic murine model; Ganoderma tsugae; Peritoneal macrophages; Splenocytes; T-helper type 1 (Th1) cytokine; Th2 cytokine
Other Subjects
antibody; cytokine; immunoglobulin E; immunoglobulin G2a; interleukin 1beta; interleukin 2; interleukin 4; interleukin 6; polysaccharide; allergy; animal cell; animal experiment; animal model; animal tissue; antibody blood level; article; controlled study; Ganoderma tsugae; immune response; macrophage; mouse; mushroom; nonhuman; spleen cell; Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic; Animals; Dietary Supplements; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; Fruiting Bodies, Fungal; Ganoderma; Immunoglobulins; Interferon Type II; Interferon-gamma; Interleukins; Lipopolysaccharides; Macrophages, Peritoneal; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mycelium; Ovalbumin; Phytotherapy; Spleen; Th1 Cells; Th2 Cells; Ganoderma tsugae; Murinae
Type
journal article
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