The Trajectory of Taiwan Indigenous Movement (1983-2014)
Date Issued
2015
Date
2015
Author(s)
Juan, Chun-Ta
Abstract
While Taiwan indigenous movement has been for three decades and the Indigenous Peoples Basic Law has been decreed for ten years, there are still many grassroots indigenous protests around Taiwan. The present study attempts to outline the trajectory of indigenous movement in Taiwan using political opportunity structure and mobilizing structure theory. First, political opportunities of indigenous movement, which included policy statement, political channel, relationships between parties, and structure of Congress, had been slowly opened since 1983 and then rapidly progressed after Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) held power in 2000, but the trend was reversed when Kuomintang (KMT) returned to power in 2008. Second, protest event analysis showed that indigenous protests had shifted from cities to tribes, and that grassroots organizations flourished and took the place from the previous dominant groups since 2000, and the situation is increasingly heated in the last few years. By analyzing the interaction between the “Pan-indigenous Movement” and the state, reviewing the tribal building under “Tribalism”, and comparing the emergence and consequence of three cases, this study further noted that these two paths, which are “Pan-indigenous Movement” and “Tribalism,” are not opposing or broken, but shaped the trajectory of Taiwan indigenous movement together. The “Pan-indigenous Movement” has opened the channel for political participation, and resulted in the agreement of the “New Partnership” and the Indigenous Peoples Basic Law. Nevertheless, it failed to reverse the dilemma of the legalization of indigenous rights, and it unable to completely settle the key disputes of land, self-governance and recognition of Pingpu. The “Tribalism” has revitalized indigenous culture and developed grassroots organizations by utilizing government resources and thereby extended the movement organization networks and strengthened the community identity. Therefore, it enabled the indigenous peoples to have the courage to fight for their collective rights. Under the tight political opportunity structure and a strengthened mobilizing structure, grassroots activists establish connections between tribes, clans and regions, and turn the individual’s complaint into the issues of the indigenous peoples and draw more attention.
Subjects
Movement Trajectory
Political Opportunity Structure
Mobilizing Structure
Tribalism
Indigenous Movement
SDGs
Type
thesis
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