The Study of Characteristics of Hematology、Blood Biochemistry and Cardiac Physiology in Formosan Macaques (Macaca cyclopis)
Date Issued
2005
Date
2005
Author(s)
Liang, Sao-Ling
DOI
zh-TW
Abstract
Abstract
The Formosan macaque (Macaca cyclopis) is a threatened species, endemic to Taiwan. The studies of Macaca cyclopis in the anatomy, behavior, ecology and infectious disease were abundant, but the available literature in the cardiovascular physiology is limited. The data of cardiovascular physiology including electrocardiogram, radiogram and echocardiogram for other nonhuman primates were reported, but not yet for Formosan macaques. Total thirty-eight clinically normal Formosan macaques (20 females, 18 males) undergoing routine annual health examinations performed electrocardiographic, radiographic and echocardiographic examinations at the Taipei City Zoo. They weighted between 4 and 22.6 kg with an average weight of 10 kg. The mean age of animals was 6.9±4.1 years old with range of 2 to 16 years. In electrocardiogram, the results of parameters (heart rate, P wave, PR interval, QRS complex, QT interval, ST segment and MEA) were established in this study. The values of parameters of ECGs presented as heart rate with a mean 126±20 beats/minute, P wave duration with a mean 42±7.8 msec, PR interval with a mean 97±12 msec, QRS complex duration with a mean 43±6.7 msec and QT 296±41.4 msec. Like other nonhuman primates, the rhythm of Formosan macaques was sinus rhythm. Significant differences between males and females, juveniles (<7 years old) and adults (≧7 years old), lighter body weight (≦10kg) and heavier body weight (>10kg) were not found for ECG parameters. The PR and QT interval varied with the heart rate as in our study’s PR=(1/HR), QT=(1/HR) linear regression models. Owing to different values of R2 in linear regression models, the change of the heart rate could poorly explain the change of PR interval, but highly explain the change of QT interval. In radiogram, the aim of this study was to evaluate the cardiac size in clinically normal Formosan macaques with radiographic examinations and provide a quick, convenient tool to examine the cardiac size clinically. The values of cardiothoracic ratio of radiograms presented with a mean 52.8±4.4 %. Comparison of cardiothoracic ratio between female (52.0±4.14 %) and male (53.8±4.68 %), juvenile (<7 years old) (51.2±3.96 %) and adult (≧7 years old) (54.2±4.40 %) did not present significant differences. The linear regression models between cardiac volume and body weight, cardiac volume and body surface area showed significant influences (p<0.001). In echocardiogram, the parameters of cardiac anatomy including LVLed, IVSed, LVed, LVPWed, IVSes, LVes, LVPWes, LVOTd, and MVed showed a significant levels (p<0.0001) and high R2 values in linear and log-linear regression models with body weight and body surface area. The shortening fraction of left ventricle function presented with a mean 36.8±7.19 %. The velocity of Aorta, pulmonary artery and mitral valve inflow showed a mean 1.34±0.406, 1.01±0.145 and 0.89±0.144 m/sec, respectively. The calculation of left ventricle volume including left ventricle mass, left ventricle systolic volume, left ventricle diastolic volume, stroke volume and cardiac output presented a significant levels (p<0.05) with body weight and body surface area in linear and log-linear regression models with body weight and body surface area. Owing to different values of R2 in linear and log-linear regression models, the change of body weight and body surface area could poorly explain the change of left ventricle systolic volume, stroke volume and cardiac output, but highly explain the change of left ventricle mass and left ventricle diastolic volume.
Subjects
心電圖
胸腔放射線
心臟超音波
非人類靈長類動物
electrocardiography
chest radiography
echocardiography
Formosan macaques
nonhuman primates
SDGs
Type
thesis
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