Enhanced plasmonic resonance energy transfer in mesoporous silica-encased gold nanorod for two-photon-activated photodynamic therapy
Journal
Theranostics
Journal Volume
4
Journal Issue
8
Pages
798-807
Date Issued
2014
Author(s)
Tang, K.-C.
Chung, M.-F.
Cheng, S.-H.
Huang, C.-M.
Chu, C.-H.
Souris, J.S.
Chen, C.-T.
Lo, L.-W.
Abstract
The unique optical properties of gold nanorods (GNRs) have recently drawn considerable interest from those working in in vivo biomolecular sensing and bioimaging. Especially appealing in these applications is the plasmon-enhanced photoluminescence of GNRs induced by two-photon excitation at infrared wavelengths, owing to the significant penetration depth of infrared light in tissue. Unfortunately, many studies have also shown that often the intensity of pulsed coherent irradiation of GNRs needed results in irreversible deformation of GNRs, greatly reducing their two-photon luminescence (TPL) emission intensity. In this work we report the design, synthesis, and evaluation of mesoporous silica-encased gold nanorods (MS-GNRs) that incorporate photosensitizers (PSs) for two-photon-activated photodynamic therapy (TPA-PDT). The PSs, doped into the nano-channels of the mesoporous silica shell, can be efficiently excited via intra-particle plasmonic resonance energy transfer from the encased two-photon excited gold nanorod and further generates cytotoxic singlet oxygen for cancer eradication. In addition, due to the mechanical support provided by encapsulating mesoporous silica matrix against thermal deformation, the two-photon luminescence stability of GNRs was significantly improved; after 100 seconds of 800 nm repetitive laser pulse with the 30 times higher than average power for imaging acquisition, MS-GNR luminescence intensity exhibited ?260% better resistance to deformation than that of the uncoated gold nanorods. These results strongly suggest that MS-GNRs with embedded PSs might provide a promising photodynamic therapy for the treatment of deeply situated cancers via plasmonic resonance energy transfer. ? Ivyspring International Publisher.
Subjects
Gold nanorods; Photodynamic therapy; Plasmonic resonance energy transfer; Surface plasmon resonance; Two-photon luminescence
Other Subjects
caspase 3; mesoporous silica encased gold nanorod palladium meso tetra(4 carboxyphenyl)porphyrin conjugate; nanorod; palladium meso tetra(4 carboxyphenyl)porphyrin; photosensitizing agent; porphyrin derivative; unclassified drug; gold; nanotube; silicon dioxide; animal experiment; animal model; animal tissue; article; breast cancer; breast cancer cell line; cancer radiotherapy; cancer therapy; comparative study; controlled study; covalent bond; drug cytotoxicity; drug structure; drug synthesis; endocytosis; energy transfer; enzyme activity; image analysis; in vitro study; in vivo study; male; molecular stability; mouse; nonhuman; particle size; photodynamic therapy; photoluminescence; plasmonic resonance energy transfer; process design; surface charge; surface plasmon resonance; transmission electron microscopy; tumor volume; tumor xenograft; two photon activated photodynamic therapy; animal; chemistry; human; luminescence; Neoplasms; nude mouse; photochemotherapy; photon; porosity; procedures; tumor cell line; ultrastructure; Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Energy Transfer; Gold; Humans; Luminescence; Male; Mice, Nude; Nanotubes; Neoplasms; Photochemotherapy; Photons; Porosity; Silicon Dioxide
Type
journal article