Low Power Frequency Synthesizers and RF Transmitters for MICS Band

In recent years, a rapidly aging population is far outstripping our ability to provide services to support it. Using wireless monitoring and recording for real-time physiological parameters from a patient body is necessary. Therefore, two frequency synthesizers and three RF transmitters are proposed in this thesis for MICS band application.

The integer-N frequency synthesizer and the fractional-N frequency synthesizer implemented TSMC 0.18-um CMOS process play the role of a local oscillator (LO) to generate a precisely defined frequency. The integer-N frequency synthesizer is easy to integrate with RF transceiver system. The fractional-N frequency synthesizer has better performance than the other. In addition, two frequency synthesizers are designed at low supply voltage 1 V in order to reduce the power consumption and power consumption of two frequency synthesizers is 900 uW and 850 uW, respectively.

Besides, three RF transmitters are implemented in TSMC 0.18-um CMOS process. The OOK transmitter is easier to implement at a lower cost and it can be turned off completely when transmitting a “zero”. However, FSK modulation has more immunity to noise from environment. Therefore, two types of FSK transmitter are implemented. The FSK transmitter with open-loop topology has lower power consumption and the FSK transmitter with two-point modulation technique has better modulation quality.