Human embryonic stem cell research debates: A Confucian argument
Journal
Journal of Medical Ethics
Journal Volume
31
Journal Issue
11
Pages
635-640
Date Issued
2005
Author(s)
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cell research can bring about major biomedical breakthroughs and thus contribute enormously to human welfare, yet it raises serious moral problems because it involves using human embryos for experiment. The "moral status of the human embryo" remains the core of such debates. Three different positions regarding the moral status of the human embryo can be categorised: the "all" position, the "none" position, and the "gradualist" position. The author proposes that the "gradualist" position is more plausible than the other two positions. Confucius's moral principle of jen, which proposes a unique theory of "love of gradation", and the principle of yi, which advocates "due treatment for persons", are then explored. The author then argues that our moral obligations to do good to other living organisms, persons, and our families are different. Putting together the "gradualist" position on the human embryo, and Confucius's theories of "love of gradation" and "due treatment for persons", the author concludes that the early embryo has less ethical significance than the later fetus and adult human. The moral obligation we have toward persons is clearer and stronger than that which we have toward human embryos. Embryo research is justifiable if it brings enormous welfare to human persons that cannot be otherwise achieved. The "love of gradation" requires us, however, to extend love and respect towards other entities according to their different status. We should therefore be very cautious in using human embryos for research, acknowledging the gradualist nature of their moral status.
SDGs
Other Subjects
article; attitude; biotechnology; embryonic stem cell; human; love; medical research; medicolegal aspect; morality; philosophy; religion; research ethics; responsibility; Analytical Approach; Biomedical and Behavioral Research; Genetics and Reproduction; Adult; Beginning of Human Life; China; Embryo Research; Humans; Morals; Philosophy, Medical; Religion and Medicine; Social Values; Stem Cells; Value of Life
Type
journal article