Exosomes in cancer development and clinical applications
Journal
Cancer Science
Journal Volume
109
Journal Issue
8
Pages
2364-2374
Date Issued
2018
Author(s)
Abstract
Exosomes participate in cancer progression and metastasis by transferring bioactive molecules between cancer and various cells in the local and distant microenvironments. Such intercellular cross-talk results in changes in multiple cellular and biological functions in recipient cells. Several hallmarks of cancer have reportedly been impacted by this exosome-mediated cell-to-cell communication, including modulating immune responses, reprogramming stromal cells, remodeling the architecture of the extracellular matrix, or even endowing cancer cells with characteristics of drug resistance. Selectively, loading specific oncogenic molecules into exosomes highlights exosomes as potential diagnostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets. In addition, exosome-based drug delivery strategies in preclinical and clinical trials have been shown to dramatically decrease cancer development. In the present review, we summarize the significant aspects of exosomes in cancer development that can provide novel strategies for potential clinical applications. ? 2018 The Authors. Cancer Science published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Cancer Association.
Subjects
biomarker; cancer malignancy; cancer therapy; drug resistance; exosome
SDGs
Other Subjects
tumor marker; tumor marker; cancer cell; cancer growth; cell communication; exosome; extracellular matrix; human; immune response; immunomodulation; metastasis; nuclear reprogramming; priority journal; Review; stroma cell; tumor microenvironment; carcinogenesis; clinical trial (topic); drug delivery system; exosome; metabolism; neoplasm; pathology; physiology; preclinical study; procedures; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinogenesis; Cell Communication; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Exosomes; Humans; Neoplasms
Type
journal article