台灣土石流災害管理決策支援系統
Other Title
Nationwide Decision Support System for Debris Flow Disaster Management in Taiwan
Journal
工程環境會刊
Journal Issue
35
Start Page
65
End Page
84
ISSN
2078-5941
Date Issued
2015-07
Author(s)
Abstract
台灣地震頻繁，地層結構較為破碎，加上近年來颱風屢屢帶來破紀錄的強降雨，導致山區經常發生嚴重的土石流災害，造成人民生命財產的重大損失。依據災害防救法，行政院農業委員會水土保持局為土石流災害的主管機關，因此，本文介紹水土保持局開發的土石流災害管理決策支援系統，該系統以最新的地理資訊與網際網路科技，結合全台土石流相關空間屬性資料，透過人性化的介面及多元化的展示，即時提供各級防災單位緊急應變時的決策參考依據，同時規劃後續全面性的防災管理工作。上述系統主要可分為2大部分，包括了災害應變期間，專供水土保持局土石流災害緊急應變小組內部專業人員使用的土石流防災應變系統（http://fema.swcb.gov.tw），以及對外一般民眾所使用的土石流防災資訊網（http://246.swcb.gov.tw）。此外本文亦針對土石流潛勢溪流的劃設作業，以及現行以雨量為基礎的土石流降雨警戒模式進行深入的探討。從歷年颱風豪雨事件中，各地方政府均根據水土保持局發佈的土石流警戒，執行疏散避難的任務，相關防災工作已經獲得一定的成效。
Due to the fragile geologic structure, frequent earthquakes and torrential rainfall brought by typhoons, debris flows have become one of the most serious disasters in recent years in Taiwan. The Soil and Water Conservation Bureau (SWCB), Council of Agriculture, is the national level department in charge of the debris flow disaster management according to the Disaster Prevention and Protection Act. In this paper, a web-based decision support system-Debris-flow Disaster Management Information System established by SWCB is introduced. By the way of advanced information techniques and user-friendly interface through the internet, the system provides the state-of-art debris flow knowledge and real-time debris flow warning information to various agencies of debris flow disaster management as well as to the general public. Besides the zoning of potential debris flow torrents, a rainfall-based debris flow warning model is also introduced herein. This warning model has been proved to be effective for evacuation operation during emergency period through tens of typhoon events.
Subjects
土石流災害管理
決策支援系統
土石流潛勢溪流
土石流警戒模式
Debris-Flow Disaster Management
Decision Support System
Potential Debris Flow Torrents
Debris Flow Warning Model
Type
journal article