Gastroesophageal reflux disease beyond infancy
Journal
Pediatrics International
Journal Volume
46
Journal Issue
5
Pages
516-520
Date Issued
2004
Author(s)
Abstract
Background: Children beyond infancy (>12 months of age) rarely have gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Underlying diseases may contribute to the persistence of GERD from infancy to childhood. This study compares the clinical course of children with GERD with and without underlying diseases. Methods: The authors studied the role of underlying diseases responsible for GERD in children beyond infancy by a retrospective analysis. From 1985 to 2000, GERD was confirmed in 34 children beyond infancy in the National Taiwan University (median age 2.5 years, range 1.1-9.7 years), according to the inclusion criteria of reflux symptoms and the fraction of pH < 4 above 5% in the 24-h esophageal pH study. The patients were divided into two groups: those without underlying diseases (n = 10) and those with underlying diseases (n = 24). The follow-up duration was 0.5-17.1 years (median 4.5 years). Results: The underlying diseases responsible for GERD in 24 children included neurological impairment (n = 14), repaired esophageal atresia (n = 2), hiatal hernia (n = 3), repaired congenital diaphragmatic hernia (n = 2), and congenital heart disease (n = 3). At the end of the study, 9 of 10 children with GERD beyond infancy and without underlying diseases were free of symptoms without any need for further medical treatment. In contrast, 10 of 14 children with neurological disorders had persisting reflux symptoms (Kaplan-Meier analysis, P = 0.02, log-rank test). Conclusions: Neurological impairment and esophageal or diaphragmatic anatomic abnormalities were frequently associated with GERD beyond infancy. Children with underlying diseases, especially with neurological impairment, ran a refractory course, while those without underlying diseases enjoyed a longer symptom-free life.
SDGs
Other Subjects
article; child; clinical article; congenital diaphragm hernia; congenital heart disease; controlled study; disease course; esophagus atresia; esophagus pH; female; follow up; gastroesophageal reflux; hiatus hernia; human; male; neurologic disease; priority journal; Child; Child, Preschool; Esophageal Atresia; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Heart Defects, Congenital; Hernia, Hiatal; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Infant; Male; Nervous System Diseases; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Time Factors
Type
journal article