Screening of metabolites derived from soil microorganisms for induction of plant resistance against viruses
Date Issued
2012
Date
2012
Author(s)
Kuan, Tung
Abstract
The use of chemical pesticides has increased public concern about the negative impacts on the environment and non-specific targets, resulting in the development of alternative disease control strategies. Soil microorganisms produce a remarkable array of metabolites with broad bioactivity, some of which are potential alternatives for their anti-phytopathogenic ability. Previous studies have shown that metabolites of soil microorganisms effectively reduced plant fungal and bacterial disease symptoms by inducing plant resistance. However, the application of soil microbial metabolites on viral disease control remains largely to be explored. Plant viral diseases cause severe agricultural losses worldwide every year for the lack of effective chemical control methods. Given that bioactive metabolites of soil microorganisms are promising resources for disease control, the application of microbial metabolites may probably confer resistance or tolerance on plant to control plant viral diseases. To address this issue, we established an assay system for testing the anti-viral activity of soil microbial metabolites on plants, and isolated soil microorganisms by method described in Ko et al. (2010b). First, we collected several soil samples from different regions in Taiwan and then isolated the target soil microorganisms which can utilize vegetable mixture for growth. Second, we established a virus-plant inoculation system with Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and local-lesion tobacco, Nicotiana glutinosa. We used salicylic acid (SA) as positive control for symptom reduction and determined two distinct parameters including lesion number and necrotic area to quantify symptom severity. We have examined 55 metabolites derived from soil microorganisms candidates for their anti-viral activity, and found that a fungus candidate, NTU1-F8, was the best to induce resistance against TMV (about 60% of symptom redaction). The results of this study may provide a simple and effective way to discover natural substances that can induce plant resistance against various viral pathogens.
Subjects
anti-viral
bio-control
microbial metabolite
soil microbes
TMV
Type
thesis
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