Disseminated Mycobacterium chimaera infection in a patient with adult-onset immunodeficiency syndrome: case report

Patients with adult-onset immunodeficiency syndrome due to anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies (AIGAs) are susceptible to disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infections. M. chimaera, a newly identified MAC species, is distinguished from the others due to the reduced virulence. Previous cases of disseminated M. chimaera infection have been linked to cardiothoracic surgery. Reports of disseminated M. chimaera in patients without a history of cardiothoracic surgery are rare.