A Method for Draining Leftover Energy From Waste Lead–Acid Batteries Prior to Recycling
Journal
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics
Journal Volume
21
Journal Issue
4
Start Page
3438
End Page
3447
ISSN
1551-3203
1941-0050
Date Issued
2025
Author(s)
Abstract
In this study, a self-adaptive pulse discharge (SAPD) approach is developed and utilized to drain leftover energy from waste lead-acid batteries before entering the recycling process. This SAPD method was applied to find the optimal pulse frequency and duty cycle values for determining the discharge current from the batteries. Experiments were conducted using two parallel-connected Yuasa 12-V6-Ah batteries. The energy recovered from the batteries was 54.7 kJ, and the corresponding recovery efficiency was 78.7%. The energy recovery efficiency could be improved to 80.9% by including three 15-min relaxation periods when the terminal voltage of the batteries reached the cutoff voltage of 10.5 V during discharge. The findings of this study could pave the way to a more sustainable future, even though major improvements in the recycling process are still required.
Subjects
Energy recovery
lead'acid batteries
pulse discharge (PD)
relaxation effect
SDGs
Publisher
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Type
journal article