Stability of perovskite PV modules

The stability of perovskite photovoltaics is a very hot topic nowadays because a long lifetime of the devices is one of the main conditions required for the commercialization of perovskite technologies. Although a lot of research on stability has been done on small solar cells, there is not too much information about the stability of the modules. A very important question arises: whether the stability of the modules is different from the stability of the individual cells. With the future goal of scale-up perovskite PV technology, it is important to understand possible the degradation mechanisms which are specific to the modules. This perspective article highlights the stability issues, which are unique to modules but not observed in small cells. ? 2020 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd