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  4. Effects of Temperature, Light Intensity and Salicylic Acid on Photosynthesis and the Growth of Anthurium andreanum Lind.
 
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Effects of Temperature, Light Intensity and Salicylic Acid on Photosynthesis and the Growth of Anthurium andreanum Lind.

Date Issued
2008
Date
2008
Author(s)
Huang, Yi-Jia
URI
http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/180932
Abstract
Anthurium andreanum Linden is one of main economy flower crops in Taiwan. Flowers are produced throughout the year. First, this study is to observe in detail the sequence of its life cycle during the reproductive growth phase. Second, to investigate the effects of temperature and light intensity on net photosynthesis and the growth of Anthurium. Third, to analysis the changes of the light saturation point under the different air temperature conditions. Finally, to determine the heat tolerance of high temperature and improvement of growth in Anthurium with exogenous the plant growth regulators.or the treatment of temperature and light intensity, plants of Anthurium ‘Montero’ are grown in 30/25 ℃, 25/20 ℃, 20/15 ℃ day/night temperature conditions with two shade cloths for two year treatments. One is treated by single shade cloth and the average photon flux density is 300 to 400 μmol•m-2•s-1. The other is treated by double shade cloths and the average photon flux density is 100 to 200 μmol•m-2•s-1. For three day/night temperature conditions, the net photosynthesis of plants in single shade treatment are higher than in double shade treatment. The net photosynthesis of plants under 25/20 ℃ with single shade treatment are the highest for two year experiments. The quality of the flower grown in the single shade cloth are better than the double shade cloths for the first-year treatment. 25/20 ℃ with single shade treatment have the highest quality of the flower. Higher light intensity is important factor for the first-year treatment. 20/15 ℃ with single shade treatment are the best quality of the flower for the second-year treatment because of light intensity and accumulation of photosynthate. 30/25 ℃ with the double shade treatment are the worst quality of the flower for two year treatments. The days to mature on a leaf and a flower decrease under higher day/night temperature conditions, but the quality of the flower will be worse;however, the days to mature increase under lower day/night temperature conditions, the quality of the flower will be better.he two cultivars of ‘Montero’ and ‘Titicaca’ are separately acclimated to the 35, 30, 25, and 20 ℃air temperature growth chamber for thirty minutes. The two cultivars are determined the net photosynthesis with ten light intensity (0, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 μmol•m-2•s-1) under four air temperature growth chambers. Under 30 ℃ growth chamber, the light saturation points of ‘Montero’ and ‘Titicaca’ are 300 and 200 μmol•m-2•s-1. Under 25 ℃growth chamber, their the light saturation points are both 800、700 μmol•m-2•s-1. Under 20 ℃growth chamber, they are separately 600 and 500 μmol•m-2•s-1. The transpiration and vapour pressure deficits under 35 ℃growth chamber are higher than other three growth chambers, and lower net photosynthesis. These results suggest Anthurium are cultivated on higher light intensity from 500 to 700 μmol•m-2•s-1 under 20-25 ℃ conditions. If air temperature is above 30 ℃, light intensity should be carefully controlled between 300 and 400 μmol•m-2•s-1 to prevent net photosynthesis from decreasing.he application of exogenous salicylic acid can enhance heat tolerance of Anthurium on high temperature. The adult plants of the two cultivars ‘Tropical’ and ‘Senator’ are irrigated to 100, 200, and 400 μM salicylic acid concentrations before 35/30 ℃ heat treatment. When irrigated to three concentrations, Anthurium ‘Senator’ have higher Fv/Fm, quantum yield and lower number of burned leaf. The result demonstrates the exogenous salicylic acid can availably decrease the damage of leaf of Anthurium ‘Senator’ on high temperature by irrigated to 200 and 400 μM salicylic acid concentrations. In Anthurium ‘Tropical’ plants, Fv/Fm, quantum yield, net photosynthesis and number of burned leaf with the treatment of exogenous salicylic acid are all not significant statistically. The flower abortion of Anthurium ‘Senator’ decreases slightly by irrigated to salicylic acid under 35/30 ℃ condition though it is not significant statistically. The red color of spathe on Anthurium ‘Tropical’ becomes light red ,and the flower bud is aborted under 35/30 ℃ condition.he application of exogenous brassinolide and gibberellin can improve the vegetative growth of Anthurium. The one-year-plants on Anthurium ‘Pistache’ are sprayed with 250, 500 ppmGA3, 0.01, 0.1, 1 μM BL and 250 ppm GA3 + 0.01μM BL. These results demonstrates foliar spraying with three BL concentrations increases plant height, the wide and length of new leaf, CMR, and net photosynthetic rate. The treatment with 1μM BL are highest plant height, the width and length, CMR and net photosynthetic rate. The treatment with two concentrations GA3 don’t improve the growth of Anthurium significantly ,but the height of plant on 500 ppm GA3 slightly increase and the treatment with 250 ppm GA3 + 0.01μM BL are higher plant height compared with control. The growth improvement of one-year-plants on Anthurium ‘Pistache’ by only foliar spraying with BL are significant. BL can improve the vegetative growth of Anthurium and increases CMR or net photosynthesis.
Subjects
Anthurium
photosynthesis
temperature
light intensity
salicylic acid
Type
thesis
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