Life Table of Paracoccus marginatus on Four Host Plant Species in Taiwan
Date Issued
2014
Date
2014
Author(s)
Chen, Min-Min
Abstract
The papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is a polyphagous pest feeding on various tropical fruits, vegetables and ornamental plants. Previous observations indicated that P. marginatus can infest up to 32 families of plants, all of which presumably allow survival of the mealybug, yet how it develops and reproduces on various plants remains unclear. To assess the life history parameters of the mealybugs on different host plants, P. marginatus were reared on papaya (Carica papaya L.), eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.) and hairy beggartick (Bidens pilosa L.) under laboratory conditions of 25°C, 75-80% RH, and a photoperiod of 12:12 h (L:D). Results indicate that males generally possess longer cumulative developmental time than females, and both sexes of P. marginatus have the shortest cumulative developmental time on hibiscus (male 22.4 d, female 19.0 d) but the longest on eggplant (male 27.3 d, female 24.8 d). Longevity of adult females and males on eggplant are 15.2 and 1.3 days, respectively, which are both shorter than those on other three host plants. The patterns of oviposition period, adult longevity and survival rate were found irrelevant to host species. Proportion of female P. marginatus is higher on papaya (76.1%) and eggplant (79.7%), and a similar trend can be discovered for fecundity. Raw data were further analyzed with the age-stage, two-sex life table, the net reproductive rates (R0) and intrinsic rate of increase (r) of P. marginatus reared on papaya (R0 = 374.7 offspring/female; r = 0.218/d) are both the highest over others. Stable stage distribution analyses show that proportions of adult females are generally higher on the host on which P. marginatus possesses higher net reproductive rate, thus suggesting the potential correlation between the proportion of female and host suability. In conclusion, virtually every line of evidence in this study supports that papaya represents the most suitable host plant with most potential for population growth of P. marginatus. Host preference was tested by exposing 1st instar nymphs with leaves of four host plants, and higher preference can be discovered for papaya, eggplant and hairy beggartick but not hibiscus. Y-tube olfactometer bioassays revealed that 1st instar nymphs seem not respond to the odor of each host plant, suggesting that olfaction appears not to function as the primary mechanism for host searching of P. marginatus. Life history patterns of P. marginatus on four different hosts generated from the present study therefore can be baseline information for future development of IPM strategy for this invasive mealybug.
Subjects
寄主植物
寄主偏好性
生命表
木瓜秀粉介殼蟲
粉介殼蟲科
Type
thesis
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