Assessment of Alkali-Treated Spent Mushroom Substrate Supplemented with Condensed Molasses Solubles (CMS) as an Alternative Forage Source for Ruminants Through In Vitro Fermentation
Journal
Fermentation
Journal Volume
11
Journal Issue
2
Start Page
92
ISSN
2311-5637
Date Issued
2025-02-11
Author(s)
DOI
10.3390/fermentation11020092
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate alkali-treated spent mushroom substrate (Pleurotus eryngii SMS) combined with condensed molasses solubles (CMS) as an alternative forage source for ruminants via in vitro fermentation. Pleurotus eryngii SMS was treated with different chemicals, including NaOH (at 5% in DM of SMS), H2O2 (at 3.5% in DM of SMS), and AHP (at 5% NaOH + 3.5% H2O2 in DM of SMS) to improve its fiber structure and digestibility. The NaOH and AHP treatments significantly increased the total gas production and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration and improved digestibility by about 1.5 to 1.8 times. CMS supplementation led to a 21% increase in microbial protein (MCP) synthesis in the NaOH treatment group. A replacement experiment involving a total mixed-ration diet indicated that CMS supplementation increased gas production while reducing dry matter digestibility in the NaOH treatment group. The AHP treatment group performed best at all substitution rates, particularly in digestibility and MCP synthesis. These results suggest that alkali treatment and CMS could improve the nutrient utilization efficiency of Pleurotus eryngii SMS, providing a feasible solution for the resource utilization of agricultural waste.
Subjects
alkali treatment
alternative forage source
condensed molasses solubles
in vitro fermentation
ruminant feeding
spent mushroom substrate
Publisher
MDPI AG
Description
Article number: 92
Type
journal article