Removal of Nonylphenolic Compounds in Simulated Water Treatment Processes
Date Issued
2010
Date
2010
Author(s)
Wu, Zuo-Mei
Abstract
The detection and removal of nonylphenolic compounds from drinking water have gained attention since these group of compounds have been widely detected easily in natural waters. The purposes of this study were to find a suitable method for detection of nonylphenol (NP), octylphenol (OP), nonylphenol monoethoxylate (NP1EO), nonylphenol diethoxylate (NP2EO) and nonylphenol monocarboxylate (NP1EC) in water samples with low levels at the same time; to set up a simulated water treatment processes in the laboratory to evaluate the removal of these nonylphenolic compounds; and to investigate the treatment efficiency for these nonylphenolic compounds in a full scale water treatment plant of an offshore island of Taiwan.
This study used automated solid phase extraction and ultra-performance liquid chromatography, equipted with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) for detection of low levels of these compounds in water. The results showed that the limits of detection for these compounds were ranged from 1.0 to 13.6 ng/L. In the studies of simulated water treatment processes, chlorination played an important role for the control of NP and NP2EO spiked in the waters. The treatment efficiency could be 60-90% for the removal of NP and NP2EO with sufficient chlorine dosages that have satisfied the chlorine demand. However, coagulation and rapid filtration processes were not so effective for the reduction of NP and NP2EO in water. However, it has been found that alum coagulation was effective for removal of NP1EC. On the other hand, NP and NP1EC had a considerably good degree of removal after slow sand filtration in the water treatment plant investigated, and the results showed that control of those compounds through biodegradation was a suitable alternative. In addition, it was very easy to detect the existence of NP when the plastic tubes and pipes were used. Hence, the occurrence of NP in treated water was unavoidable now even though its concentration was quite low.
Subjects
nonylphenol
nonylphenol ethoxylates
nonylphenoxyacetic acid
drinking water treatment
ultra-performance chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS)
Type
thesis
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