Investigating the reciprocal interrelationships among the ruminal microbiota, metabolome, and mastitis in early lactating holstein dairy cows
Journal
Animals
Journal Volume
11
Journal Issue
11
Date Issued
2021
Author(s)
Abstract
Mastitis in dairy cow significantly affects animal performance, ultimately reducing profitability. The reciprocal interrelationships among ruminal microbiota, metabolome, and mastitis combining early inflammatory factors (serum proinflammatory cytokines) in lactating dairy cows has not been explored, thus, this study evaluated these reciprocal interrelationships in early lactating Holstein dairy cows to identify potential microbial biomarkers and their relationship with ruminal metabolites. The ruminal fluid was sampled from 8 healthy and 8 mastitis cows for the microbiota and metabolite analyses. The critical ruminal microbial biomarkers and metabolites related to somatic cell counts (SCC) and serum proinflammatory cytokines were identified by the linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) algorithm and Spearman’s correlation analysis, respectively. The SCC level and proinflammatory cytokines positively correlated with Sharpea and negatively correlated with Ruminococcaceae UCG-014, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, and Treponema saccharophilum. Furthermore, the metabolites xanthurenic acid, and 1-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl) ethan-1-ol positively correlated with microbial biomarkers of healthy cows, whereas, xanthine, pantothenic acid, and anacardic acid were negatively correlated with the microbial biomarkers of mastitis cows. In conclusion, Ruminococcus flavefaciens and Treponema saccharophilum are potential strains for improving the health of dairy cows. The current study provides a novel perspective to assist in targeting the ruminal microbiota with preventive/therapeutic strategies against inflammatory diseases in the future. ? 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Subjects
Holstein dairy cows
Mastitis
Metabolome
Ruminal microbiota
1 (1h benzo[d]imidazol 2 yl) ethan 1 ol
anacardic acid
formic acid
genomic DNA
imidazole derivative
interleukin 6
pantothenic acid
tumor necrosis factor
unclassified drug
xanthine
xanthurenic acid
animal experiment
animal model
Article
cell count
controlled study
dairy cattle
discriminant analysis
effect size
enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
false discovery rate
female
high performance liquid chromatography
Holstein cattle
mass spectrometry
mastitis
metabolome
metabolomics
microbial interaction
nonhuman
reciprocal interrelationship
rumen fluid
rumen microorganism
Ruminococcus flavefaciens
somatic cell
Treponema
Treponema saccharophilum
Type
journal article