Millimeter-Wave Injection-Locked Frequency Dividers
Date Issued
2010
Date
2010
Author(s)
Wang, Chiao-Hsing
Abstract
With the development and progress of CMOS process, the high-speed circuits should be realized by BJT in the past are gradually replaced by CMOS. It inspires many millimeter-wave applications; such as point to point communications, image sensing, automotive radar systems, radio astronomy. Using in above applications, the phase-locked loop (PLL) is an important component to sever as a local oscillator or channel selector.
To realize a very-high-speed PLL, the frequency divider following the VCO will be a crucial building block. It must have high operation frequency, wide locking range, and low power consumption. In millimeter wave circuits design, the parasitic capacitances of passive inductors, coupling capacitors and transistors will decrease the operation frequency of circuits. Injection-locked frequency dividers (ILFDs) with LC tank based oscillators can be a good solution for high operation frequency, low power consumption and low phase noise. However, their locking ranges are quite limited. Therefore, a proposed H-band (220-325GHz) divide-by-2 ILFD enhances the operation frequency by using the π-type LC tank. The locking range and operation frequency, and the design considerations are analyzed in chapter 3. ILFDs with high division ratio will reduce dc power and chip area for compact integration since the cascaded divider stages are avoided. Three D-band (110~170GHz) divide-by-3 ILFDs and divide-by-4 ILFDs with locking range enhancement techniques are presented in chapter 4 and chapter 5, respectively.
Subjects
Millimeter-Wave
Injection-Locked Frequency Divider
ILFD
Divide-by-2
Divide-by-3
Divide-by-4
Type
thesis
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