Aerobic granular sludge: Recent advances
Resource
Biotechnology Advances 26 (5): 411-423
Journal
Biotechnology Advances
Journal Volume
26
Journal Issue
5
Pages
411-423
Date Issued
2008
Date
2008
Author(s)
Abstract
Aerobic granulation, a novel environmental biotechnological process, was increasingly drawing interest of researchers engaging in work in the area of biological wastewater treatment. Developed about one decade ago, it was exciting research work that explored beyond the limits of aerobic wastewater treatment such as treatment of high strength organic wastewaters, bioremediation of toxic aromatic pollutants including phenol, toluene, pyridine and textile dyes, removal of nitrogen, phosphate, sulphate and nuclear waste and adsorption of heavy metals. Despite this intensive research the mechanisms responsible for aerobic granulation and the strategy to expedite the formation of granular sludge, and effects of different operational and environmental factors have not yet been clearly described. This paper provides an up-to-date review on recent research development in aerobic biogranulation technology and applications in treating toxic industrial and municipal wastewaters. Factors affecting granulation, granule characterization, granulation hypotheses, effects of different operational parameters on aerobic granulation, response of aerobic granules to different environmental conditions, their applications in bioremediations, and possible future trends were delineated. The review attempts to shed light on the fundamental understanding in aerobic granulation by newly employed confocal laser scanning microscopic techniques and microscopic observations of granules. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Subjects
Aerobic granules; Extracellular polymeric substances; Interactions; Mechanisms; Structure
Other Subjects
Adsorption; Aromatic compounds; Biochemical oxygen demand; Biological water treatment; Bioremediation; Chemical oxygen demand; Gas adsorption; Granular materials; Granulation; Heavy metals; Industrial research; Industrial water treatment; Metal recovery; Nitrogen; Nitrogen removal; Organic pollutants; Phenols; Photoacoustic effect; Pollution; Pulsed laser deposition; Radioactive wastes; Real time systems; Reclamation; Research; Scanning; Stripping (dyes); Textile processing; Toluene; Toxic materials; Waste treatment; Wastewater; Wastewater reclamation; Wastewater treatment; Water recycling; Water treatment; Water treatment plants; (e ,3e) process; Aerobic (CSTR); Aerobic granular sludges; Aerobic granulation; Aerobic granules; Aerobic wastewater treatment; Aromatic pollutants; Biogranulation technology; Biological waste water treatment; Confocal laser scanning; Elsevier (CO); Environmental conditioning; Environmental factors; Future trends; Granular sludge; high strength; Intensive research; Microscopic observations; Microscopic techniques; Municipal wastewaters; Nuclear waste; Operational parameters; Research developments; research works; sulphate; Textile dyes; Chemicals removal (water treatment); environmental factor; oxic conditions; sludge; waste treatment; wastewater; aerobic bacterium; bioreactor; forecasting; industrial waste; metabolism; methodology; microbiology; review; sewage; water management; water pollution; Bacteria, Aerobic; Bioreactors; Forecasting; Industrial Waste; Sewage; Water Pollution; Water Purification
Type
review
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