Germplasm analysis of mulberry (Morus spp.) in Taiwan
Date Issued
2009
Date
2009
Author(s)
Chang, Lan-Yen
Abstract
Abstract The mulberry (Morus spp.), a perennial crop valued for its economoical importance, had led it a potential crop in the future. Because of its dioecious and cross-pollination nature, a complex genetic background of mulberry cultivars has been developed in Taiwan and the original classification system may need to be reexamined. In this study, the genetic relationship of the mulberry collection in Taiwan has been established by principal component analysis and clustering analysis based on vegetative traits. Besides, the ploidy and karyotype have also been examined to enrich the cytogenetic data base. Twenty-six mulberry accessions from Miaoli District Agricultural Research and Extension Station (MDARES) were selected and 21 morphological characters were evaluated in 2008. Data were used for principal component analysis and clustering analysis. Accessions were grouped into three major clusters: (1) Morus laevigata, (2) M. atropurpurea, M. bombycis, M. australis, M. formosensis, and (3) M. alba and M. latifolia. Nine sets of morphological characters including leaf width, leaf lengths : widths ratio, petiole widths, chilling requirement, bud shape, dormant bud shape, mature leaf color, shape of leaf margin and leaf tip, were chosen to present a new key to mulberry in Taiwan, which is suitable for all sex types.he ploidy of 26 mulberry accessions was determined by flow cytometer. Accessions of M. bombycis, M. alba, M. latifolia, M. australis, M. formosensis, and M. aropurpurea were diploids with genome sizes ranging from 0.61 to 0.71 pg/2C. Aceesions 70C006 (M. laevigata) was a triploid with a genome size of 1.06 pg/2C. Accession 67C001 (M. australis) comprised diploid and triploid with genome size of 0.63 pg/2C and 0.98 pg/2C, respectively. The morphological characters were bigger in triploid also revealed the difference in ploidy leve.he karyotypes of 13 accessions were similar. Among the 14 pairs of chromosomes, chromosome 2, 5, 14 are submetacentric chromosomes while the others are metacentric. Fluorescence in situ hybridization of 5S rDNA and 18S-5.8S-25S rDNA in four species also revealed the resemblance among M. species. In M. australis and some mulberry hybrids, one p-arm of choromosome 3 showed dark staining in male but not in female plants. However, the difference in banding pattern between sex types was not observed in M. alba.
Subjects
Principal component analysis
clustering analysis
flow cytometric analysis
karyotypic analysis
fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)
Type
thesis
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