Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of rare yeast infections: an initiative of the ECMM in cooperation with ISHAM and ASM
Journal
The Lancet Infectious Diseases
Journal Volume
21
Journal Issue
12
Pages
e375-e386
Date Issued
2021
Author(s)
Chen, Sharon C-A
Perfect, John
Colombo, Arnaldo L
Cornely, Oliver A
Groll, Andreas H
Seidel, Danila
Albus, Kerstin
de Almedia, Joao N
Garcia-Effron, Guillermo
Gilroy, Nicole
Lass-Flörl, Cornelia
Ostrosky-Zeichner, Luis
Pagano, Livio
Papp, Tamas
Rautemaa-Richardson, Riina
Salmanton-García, Jon
Spec, Andrej
Steinmann, Joerg
Arikan-Akdagli, Sevtap
Arenz, Dorothee E
Sprute, Rosanne
Duran-Graeff, Luisa
Freiberger, Tomas
Girmenia, Corrado
Harris, Michelle
Kanj, Souha S
Roudbary, Maryam
Lortholary, Olivier
Meletiadis, Joseph
Segal, Esther
Tuon, Felipe Francisco
Wiederhold, Nathan
Bicanic, Tihana
Chander, Jagdish
Ip, Margaret
Munoz, Patricia
Spriet, Isabel
Temfack, Elvis
Thompson, Luis
Tortorano, Anna Maria
Velegraki, Aristea
Govender, Nelesh P
Abstract
Uncommon, or rare, yeast infections are on the rise given increasing numbers of patients who are immunocompromised or seriously ill. The major pathogens include those of the genera Geotrichum, Saprochaete, Magnusiomyces, and Trichosporon (ie, basidiomycetes) and Kodamaea, Malassezia, Pseudozyma (ie, now Moesziomyces or Dirkmeia), Rhodotorula, Saccharomyces, and Sporobolomyces (ie, ascomycetes). A considered approach to the complex, multidisciplinary management of infections that are caused by these pathogens is essential to optimising patient outcomes; however, management guidelines are either region-specific or require updating. In alignment with the One World-One Guideline initiative to incorporate regional differences, experts from diverse geographical regions analysed publications describing the epidemiology and management of the previously mentioned rare yeasts. This guideline summarises the consensus recommendations with regards to the diagnostic and therapeutic options for patients with these rare yeast infections, with the intent of providing practical assistance in clinical decision making. Because there is less clinical experience of patients with rare yeast infections and studies on these patients were not randomised, nor were groups compared, most recommendations are not robust in their validation but represent insights by use of expert opinions and in-vitro susceptibility results. In this Review, we report the key features of the epidemiology, diagnosis, antifungal susceptibility, and treatment outcomes of patients with Geotrichum, Saprochaete, Magnusiomyces, and Trichosporon spp infections.
SDGs
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Type
review